Attachment 246076 Details for Bug 274592 – vm_phys_find_freelist_contig, but without using adjacent smaller blocks

vm_phys_find_freelist_contig, but without using adjacent smaller blocks

vm_phys.c (text/plain), 49.88 KB, created by Doug Moore on 2023-11-03 08:45:44 UTC

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Creator: Doug Moore

Created: 2023-11-03 08:45:44 UTC

Size: 49.88 KB

patch

obsolete

>/*-
> * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
> *
> * Copyright (c) 2002-2006 Rice University
> * Copyright (c) 2007 Alan L. Cox <alc@cs.rice.edu>
> * All rights reserved.
> *
> * This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Alan L. Cox,
> * Olivier Crameri, Peter Druschel, Sitaram Iyer, and Juan Navarro.
> *
> * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
> * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
> * are met:
> * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
> *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
> * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
> *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
> *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
> *
> * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
> * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
> * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
> * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
> * HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
> * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
> * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
> * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
> * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
> * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY
> * WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
> * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
> */
>
>/*
> *	Physical memory system implementation
> *
> * Any external functions defined by this module are only to be used by the
> * virtual memory system.
> */
>
>#include <sys/cdefs.h>
>#include "opt_ddb.h"
>#include "opt_vm.h"
>
>#include <sys/param.h>
>#include <sys/systm.h>
>#include <sys/domainset.h>
>#include <sys/lock.h>
>#include <sys/kernel.h>
>#include <sys/malloc.h>
>#include <sys/mutex.h>
>#include <sys/proc.h>
>#include <sys/queue.h>
>#include <sys/rwlock.h>
>#include <sys/sbuf.h>
>#include <sys/sysctl.h>
>#include <sys/tree.h>
>#include <sys/vmmeter.h>
>
>#include <ddb/ddb.h>
>
>#include <vm/vm.h>
>#include <vm/vm_extern.h>
>#include <vm/vm_param.h>
>#include <vm/vm_kern.h>
>#include <vm/vm_object.h>
>#include <vm/vm_page.h>
>#include <vm/vm_phys.h>
>#include <vm/vm_pagequeue.h>
>
>_Static_assert(sizeof(long) * NBBY >= VM_PHYSSEG_MAX,
>    "Too many physsegs.");
>_Static_assert(sizeof(long long) >= sizeof(vm_paddr_t),
>    "vm_paddr_t too big for ffsll, flsll.");
>
>#ifdef NUMA
>struct mem_affinity __read_mostly *mem_affinity;
>int __read_mostly *mem_locality;
>
>static int numa_disabled;
>static SYSCTL_NODE(_vm, OID_AUTO, numa, CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, 0,
>    "NUMA options");
>SYSCTL_INT(_vm_numa, OID_AUTO, disabled, CTLFLAG_RDTUN | CTLFLAG_NOFETCH,
>    &numa_disabled, 0, "NUMA-awareness in the allocators is disabled");
>#endif
>
>int __read_mostly vm_ndomains = 1;
>domainset_t __read_mostly all_domains = DOMAINSET_T_INITIALIZER(0x1);
>
>struct vm_phys_seg __read_mostly vm_phys_segs[VM_PHYSSEG_MAX];
>int __read_mostly vm_phys_nsegs;
>static struct vm_phys_seg vm_phys_early_segs[8];
>static int vm_phys_early_nsegs;
>
>struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg;
>static int vm_phys_fictitious_cmp(struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg *,
>    struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg *);
>
>RB_HEAD(fict_tree, vm_phys_fictitious_seg) vm_phys_fictitious_tree =
>    RB_INITIALIZER(&vm_phys_fictitious_tree);
>
>struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg {
>	RB_ENTRY(vm_phys_fictitious_seg) node;
>	/* Memory region data */
>	vm_paddr_t	start;
>	vm_paddr_t	end;
>	vm_page_t	first_page;
>};
>
>RB_GENERATE_STATIC(fict_tree, vm_phys_fictitious_seg, node,
>    vm_phys_fictitious_cmp);
>
>static struct rwlock_padalign vm_phys_fictitious_reg_lock;
>MALLOC_DEFINE(M_FICT_PAGES, "vm_fictitious", "Fictitious VM pages");
>
>static struct vm_freelist __aligned(CACHE_LINE_SIZE)
>    vm_phys_free_queues[MAXMEMDOM][VM_NFREELIST][VM_NFREEPOOL]
>    [VM_NFREEORDER_MAX];
>
>static int __read_mostly vm_nfreelists;
>
>/*
> * These "avail lists" are globals used to communicate boot-time physical
> * memory layout to other parts of the kernel.  Each physically contiguous
> * region of memory is defined by a start address at an even index and an
> * end address at the following odd index.  Each list is terminated by a
> * pair of zero entries.
> *
> * dump_avail tells the dump code what regions to include in a crash dump, and
> * phys_avail is all of the remaining physical memory that is available for
> * the vm system.
> *
> * Initially dump_avail and phys_avail are identical.  Boot time memory
> * allocations remove extents from phys_avail that may still be included
> * in dumps.
> */
>vm_paddr_t phys_avail[PHYS_AVAIL_COUNT];
>vm_paddr_t dump_avail[PHYS_AVAIL_COUNT];
>
>/*
> * Provides the mapping from VM_FREELIST_* to free list indices (flind).
> */
>static int __read_mostly vm_freelist_to_flind[VM_NFREELIST];
>
>CTASSERT(VM_FREELIST_DEFAULT == 0);
>
>#ifdef VM_FREELIST_DMA32
>#define	VM_DMA32_BOUNDARY	((vm_paddr_t)1 << 32)
>#endif
>
>/*
> * Enforce the assumptions made by vm_phys_add_seg() and vm_phys_init() about
> * the ordering of the free list boundaries.
> */
>#if defined(VM_LOWMEM_BOUNDARY) && defined(VM_DMA32_BOUNDARY)
>CTASSERT(VM_LOWMEM_BOUNDARY < VM_DMA32_BOUNDARY);
>#endif
>
>static int sysctl_vm_phys_free(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
>SYSCTL_OID(_vm, OID_AUTO, phys_free,
>    CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, NULL, 0,
>    sysctl_vm_phys_free, "A",
>    "Phys Free Info");
>
>static int sysctl_vm_phys_segs(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
>SYSCTL_OID(_vm, OID_AUTO, phys_segs,
>    CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, NULL, 0,
>    sysctl_vm_phys_segs, "A",
>    "Phys Seg Info");
>
>#ifdef NUMA
>static int sysctl_vm_phys_locality(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
>SYSCTL_OID(_vm, OID_AUTO, phys_locality,
>    CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, NULL, 0,
>    sysctl_vm_phys_locality, "A",
>    "Phys Locality Info");
>#endif
>
>SYSCTL_INT(_vm, OID_AUTO, ndomains, CTLFLAG_RD,
>    &vm_ndomains, 0, "Number of physical memory domains available.");
>
>static void _vm_phys_create_seg(vm_paddr_t start, vm_paddr_t end, int domain);
>static void vm_phys_create_seg(vm_paddr_t start, vm_paddr_t end);
>static void vm_phys_split_pages(vm_page_t m, int oind, struct vm_freelist *fl,
>    int order, int tail);
>
>/*
> * Red-black tree helpers for vm fictitious range management.
> */
>static inline int
>vm_phys_fictitious_in_range(struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg *p,
>    struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg *range)
>{
>
>	KASSERT(range->start != 0 && range->end != 0,
>	    ("Invalid range passed on search for vm_fictitious page"));
>	if (p->start >= range->end)
>		return (1);
>	if (p->start < range->start)
>		return (-1);
>
>	return (0);
>}
>
>static int
>vm_phys_fictitious_cmp(struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg *p1,
>    struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg *p2)
>{
>
>	/* Check if this is a search for a page */
>	if (p1->end == 0)
>		return (vm_phys_fictitious_in_range(p1, p2));
>
>	KASSERT(p2->end != 0,
>    ("Invalid range passed as second parameter to vm fictitious comparison"));
>
>	/* Searching to add a new range */
>	if (p1->end <= p2->start)
>		return (-1);
>	if (p1->start >= p2->end)
>		return (1);
>
>	panic("Trying to add overlapping vm fictitious ranges:\n"
>	    "[%#jx:%#jx] and [%#jx:%#jx]", (uintmax_t)p1->start,
>	    (uintmax_t)p1->end, (uintmax_t)p2->start, (uintmax_t)p2->end);
>}
>
>int
>vm_phys_domain_match(int prefer, vm_paddr_t low, vm_paddr_t high)
>{
>#ifdef NUMA
>	domainset_t mask;
>	int i;
>
>	if (vm_ndomains == 1 || mem_affinity == NULL)
>		return (0);
>
>	DOMAINSET_ZERO(&mask);
>	/*
>	 * Check for any memory that overlaps low, high.
>	 */
>	for (i = 0; mem_affinity[i].end != 0; i++)
>		if (mem_affinity[i].start <= high &&
>		    mem_affinity[i].end >= low)
>			DOMAINSET_SET(mem_affinity[i].domain, &mask);
>	if (prefer != -1 && DOMAINSET_ISSET(prefer, &mask))
>		return (prefer);
>	if (DOMAINSET_EMPTY(&mask))
>		panic("vm_phys_domain_match:  Impossible constraint");
>	return (DOMAINSET_FFS(&mask) - 1);
>#else
>	return (0);
>#endif
>}
>
>/*
> * Outputs the state of the physical memory allocator, specifically,
> * the amount of physical memory in each free list.
> */
>static int
>sysctl_vm_phys_free(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
>{
>	struct sbuf sbuf;
>	struct vm_freelist *fl;
>	int dom, error, flind, oind, pind;
>
>	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, 0);
>	if (error != 0)
>		return (error);
>	sbuf_new_for_sysctl(&sbuf, NULL, 128 * vm_ndomains, req);
>	for (dom = 0; dom < vm_ndomains; dom++) {
>		sbuf_printf(&sbuf,"\nDOMAIN %d:\n", dom);
>		for (flind = 0; flind < vm_nfreelists; flind++) {
>			sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "\nFREE LIST %d:\n"
>			    "\n  ORDER (SIZE)  |  NUMBER"
>			    "\n              ", flind);
>			for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++)
>				sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "  |  POOL %d", pind);
>			sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "\n--            ");
>			for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++)
>				sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "-- --      ");
>			sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "--\n");
>			for (oind = VM_NFREEORDER - 1; oind >= 0; oind--) {
>				sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "  %2d (%6dK)", oind,
>				    1 << (PAGE_SHIFT - 10 + oind));
>				for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++) {
>				fl = vm_phys_free_queues[dom][flind][pind];
>					sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "  |  %6d",
>					    fl[oind].lcnt);
>				}
>				sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "\n");
>			}
>		}
>	}
>	error = sbuf_finish(&sbuf);
>	sbuf_delete(&sbuf);
>	return (error);
>}
>
>/*
> * Outputs the set of physical memory segments.
> */
>static int
>sysctl_vm_phys_segs(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
>{
>	struct sbuf sbuf;
>	struct vm_phys_seg *seg;
>	int error, segind;
>
>	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, 0);
>	if (error != 0)
>		return (error);
>	sbuf_new_for_sysctl(&sbuf, NULL, 128, req);
>	for (segind = 0; segind < vm_phys_nsegs; segind++) {
>		sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "\nSEGMENT %d:\n\n", segind);
>		seg = &vm_phys_segs[segind];
>		sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "start:     %#jx\n",
>		    (uintmax_t)seg->start);
>		sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "end:       %#jx\n",
>		    (uintmax_t)seg->end);
>		sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "domain:    %d\n", seg->domain);
>		sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "free list: %p\n", seg->free_queues);
>	}
>	error = sbuf_finish(&sbuf);
>	sbuf_delete(&sbuf);
>	return (error);
>}
>
>/*
> * Return affinity, or -1 if there's no affinity information.
> */
>int
>vm_phys_mem_affinity(int f, int t)
>{
>
>#ifdef NUMA
>	if (mem_locality == NULL)
>		return (-1);
>	if (f >= vm_ndomains || t >= vm_ndomains)
>		return (-1);
>	return (mem_locality[f * vm_ndomains + t]);
>#else
>	return (-1);
>#endif
>}
>
>#ifdef NUMA
>/*
> * Outputs the VM locality table.
> */
>static int
>sysctl_vm_phys_locality(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
>{
>	struct sbuf sbuf;
>	int error, i, j;
>
>	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, 0);
>	if (error != 0)
>		return (error);
>	sbuf_new_for_sysctl(&sbuf, NULL, 128, req);
>
>	sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "\n");
>
>	for (i = 0; i < vm_ndomains; i++) {
>		sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "%d: ", i);
>		for (j = 0; j < vm_ndomains; j++) {
>			sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "%d ", vm_phys_mem_affinity(i, j));
>		}
>		sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "\n");
>	}
>	error = sbuf_finish(&sbuf);
>	sbuf_delete(&sbuf);
>	return (error);
>}
>#endif
>
>static void
>vm_freelist_add(struct vm_freelist *fl, vm_page_t m, int order, int tail)
>{
>
>	m->order = order;
>	if (tail)
>		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&fl[order].pl, m, listq);
>	else
>		TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&fl[order].pl, m, listq);
>	fl[order].lcnt++;
>}
>
>static void
>vm_freelist_rem(struct vm_freelist *fl, vm_page_t m, int order)
>{
>
>	TAILQ_REMOVE(&fl[order].pl, m, listq);
>	fl[order].lcnt--;
>	m->order = VM_NFREEORDER;
>}
>
>/*
> * Create a physical memory segment.
> */
>static void
>_vm_phys_create_seg(vm_paddr_t start, vm_paddr_t end, int domain)
>{
>	struct vm_phys_seg *seg;
>
>	KASSERT(vm_phys_nsegs < VM_PHYSSEG_MAX,
>	    ("vm_phys_create_seg: increase VM_PHYSSEG_MAX"));
>	KASSERT(domain >= 0 && domain < vm_ndomains,
>	    ("vm_phys_create_seg: invalid domain provided"));
>	seg = &vm_phys_segs[vm_phys_nsegs++];
>	while (seg > vm_phys_segs && (seg - 1)->start >= end) {
>		*seg = *(seg - 1);
>		seg--;
>	}
>	seg->start = start;
>	seg->end = end;
>	seg->domain = domain;
>}
>
>static void
>vm_phys_create_seg(vm_paddr_t start, vm_paddr_t end)
>{
>#ifdef NUMA
>	int i;
>
>	if (mem_affinity == NULL) {
>		_vm_phys_create_seg(start, end, 0);
>		return;
>	}
>
>	for (i = 0;; i++) {
>		if (mem_affinity[i].end == 0)
>			panic("Reached end of affinity info");
>		if (mem_affinity[i].end <= start)
>			continue;
>		if (mem_affinity[i].start > start)
>			panic("No affinity info for start %jx",
>			    (uintmax_t)start);
>		if (mem_affinity[i].end >= end) {
>			_vm_phys_create_seg(start, end,
>			    mem_affinity[i].domain);
>			break;
>		}
>		_vm_phys_create_seg(start, mem_affinity[i].end,
>		    mem_affinity[i].domain);
>		start = mem_affinity[i].end;
>	}
>#else
>	_vm_phys_create_seg(start, end, 0);
>#endif
>}
>
>/*
> * Add a physical memory segment.
> */
>void
>vm_phys_add_seg(vm_paddr_t start, vm_paddr_t end)
>{
>	vm_paddr_t paddr;
>
>	KASSERT((start & PAGE_MASK) == 0,
>	    ("vm_phys_define_seg: start is not page aligned"));
>	KASSERT((end & PAGE_MASK) == 0,
>	    ("vm_phys_define_seg: end is not page aligned"));
>
>	/*
>	 * Split the physical memory segment if it spans two or more free
>	 * list boundaries.
>	 */
>	paddr = start;
>#ifdef	VM_FREELIST_LOWMEM
>	if (paddr < VM_LOWMEM_BOUNDARY && end > VM_LOWMEM_BOUNDARY) {
>		vm_phys_create_seg(paddr, VM_LOWMEM_BOUNDARY);
>		paddr = VM_LOWMEM_BOUNDARY;
>	}
>#endif
>#ifdef	VM_FREELIST_DMA32
>	if (paddr < VM_DMA32_BOUNDARY && end > VM_DMA32_BOUNDARY) {
>		vm_phys_create_seg(paddr, VM_DMA32_BOUNDARY);
>		paddr = VM_DMA32_BOUNDARY;
>	}
>#endif
>	vm_phys_create_seg(paddr, end);
>}
>
>/*
> * Initialize the physical memory allocator.
> *
> * Requires that vm_page_array is initialized!
> */
>void
>vm_phys_init(void)
>{
>	struct vm_freelist *fl;
>	struct vm_phys_seg *end_seg, *prev_seg, *seg, *tmp_seg;
>#if defined(VM_DMA32_NPAGES_THRESHOLD) || defined(VM_PHYSSEG_SPARSE)
>	u_long npages;
>#endif
>	int dom, flind, freelist, oind, pind, segind;
>
>	/*
>	 * Compute the number of free lists, and generate the mapping from the
>	 * manifest constants VM_FREELIST_* to the free list indices.
>	 *
>	 * Initially, the entries of vm_freelist_to_flind[] are set to either
>	 * 0 or 1 to indicate which free lists should be created.
>	 */
>#ifdef	VM_DMA32_NPAGES_THRESHOLD
>	npages = 0;
>#endif
>	for (segind = vm_phys_nsegs - 1; segind >= 0; segind--) {
>		seg = &vm_phys_segs[segind];
>#ifdef	VM_FREELIST_LOWMEM
>		if (seg->end <= VM_LOWMEM_BOUNDARY)
>			vm_freelist_to_flind[VM_FREELIST_LOWMEM] = 1;
>		else
>#endif
>#ifdef	VM_FREELIST_DMA32
>		if (
>#ifdef	VM_DMA32_NPAGES_THRESHOLD
>		    /*
>		     * Create the DMA32 free list only if the amount of
>		     * physical memory above physical address 4G exceeds the
>		     * given threshold.
>		     */
>		    npages > VM_DMA32_NPAGES_THRESHOLD &&
>#endif
>		    seg->end <= VM_DMA32_BOUNDARY)
>			vm_freelist_to_flind[VM_FREELIST_DMA32] = 1;
>		else
>#endif
>		{
>#ifdef	VM_DMA32_NPAGES_THRESHOLD
>			npages += atop(seg->end - seg->start);
>#endif
>			vm_freelist_to_flind[VM_FREELIST_DEFAULT] = 1;
>		}
>	}
>	/* Change each entry into a running total of the free lists. */
>	for (freelist = 1; freelist < VM_NFREELIST; freelist++) {
>		vm_freelist_to_flind[freelist] +=
>		    vm_freelist_to_flind[freelist - 1];
>	}
>	vm_nfreelists = vm_freelist_to_flind[VM_NFREELIST - 1];
>	KASSERT(vm_nfreelists > 0, ("vm_phys_init: no free lists"));
>	/* Change each entry into a free list index. */
>	for (freelist = 0; freelist < VM_NFREELIST; freelist++)
>		vm_freelist_to_flind[freelist]--;
>
>	/*
>	 * Initialize the first_page and free_queues fields of each physical
>	 * memory segment.
>	 */
>#ifdef VM_PHYSSEG_SPARSE
>	npages = 0;
>#endif
>	for (segind = 0; segind < vm_phys_nsegs; segind++) {
>		seg = &vm_phys_segs[segind];
>#ifdef VM_PHYSSEG_SPARSE
>		seg->first_page = &vm_page_array[npages];
>		npages += atop(seg->end - seg->start);
>#else
>		seg->first_page = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(seg->start);
>#endif
>#ifdef	VM_FREELIST_LOWMEM
>		if (seg->end <= VM_LOWMEM_BOUNDARY) {
>			flind = vm_freelist_to_flind[VM_FREELIST_LOWMEM];
>			KASSERT(flind >= 0,
>			    ("vm_phys_init: LOWMEM flind < 0"));
>		} else
>#endif
>#ifdef	VM_FREELIST_DMA32
>		if (seg->end <= VM_DMA32_BOUNDARY) {
>			flind = vm_freelist_to_flind[VM_FREELIST_DMA32];
>			KASSERT(flind >= 0,
>			    ("vm_phys_init: DMA32 flind < 0"));
>		} else
>#endif
>		{
>			flind = vm_freelist_to_flind[VM_FREELIST_DEFAULT];
>			KASSERT(flind >= 0,
>			    ("vm_phys_init: DEFAULT flind < 0"));
>		}
>		seg->free_queues = &vm_phys_free_queues[seg->domain][flind];
>	}
>
>	/*
>	 * Coalesce physical memory segments that are contiguous and share the
>	 * same per-domain free queues.
>	 */
>	prev_seg = vm_phys_segs;
>	seg = &vm_phys_segs[1];
>	end_seg = &vm_phys_segs[vm_phys_nsegs];
>	while (seg < end_seg) {
>		if (prev_seg->end == seg->start &&
>		    prev_seg->free_queues == seg->free_queues) {
>			prev_seg->end = seg->end;
>			KASSERT(prev_seg->domain == seg->domain,
>			    ("vm_phys_init: free queues cannot span domains"));
>			vm_phys_nsegs--;
>			end_seg--;
>			for (tmp_seg = seg; tmp_seg < end_seg; tmp_seg++)
>				*tmp_seg = *(tmp_seg + 1);
>		} else {
>			prev_seg = seg;
>			seg++;
>		}
>	}
>
>	/*
>	 * Initialize the free queues.
>	 */
>	for (dom = 0; dom < vm_ndomains; dom++) {
>		for (flind = 0; flind < vm_nfreelists; flind++) {
>			for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++) {
>				fl = vm_phys_free_queues[dom][flind][pind];
>				for (oind = 0; oind < VM_NFREEORDER; oind++)
>					TAILQ_INIT(&fl[oind].pl);
>			}
>		}
>	}
>
>	rw_init(&vm_phys_fictitious_reg_lock, "vmfctr");
>}
>
>/*
> * Register info about the NUMA topology of the system.
> *
> * Invoked by platform-dependent code prior to vm_phys_init().
> */
>void
>vm_phys_register_domains(int ndomains, struct mem_affinity *affinity,
>    int *locality)
>{
>#ifdef NUMA
>	int i;
>
>	/*
>	 * For now the only override value that we support is 1, which
>	 * effectively disables NUMA-awareness in the allocators.
>	 */
>	TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("vm.numa.disabled", &numa_disabled);
>	if (numa_disabled)
>		ndomains = 1;
>
>	if (ndomains > 1) {
>		vm_ndomains = ndomains;
>		mem_affinity = affinity;
>		mem_locality = locality;
>	}
>
>	for (i = 0; i < vm_ndomains; i++)
>		DOMAINSET_SET(i, &all_domains);
>#else
>	(void)ndomains;
>	(void)affinity;
>	(void)locality;
>#endif
>}
>
>/*
> * Split a contiguous, power of two-sized set of physical pages.
> *
> * When this function is called by a page allocation function, the caller
> * should request insertion at the head unless the order [order, oind) queues
> * are known to be empty.  The objective being to reduce the likelihood of
> * long-term fragmentation by promoting contemporaneous allocation and
> * (hopefully) deallocation.
> */
>static __inline void
>vm_phys_split_pages(vm_page_t m, int oind, struct vm_freelist *fl, int order,
>    int tail)
>{
>	vm_page_t m_buddy;
>
>	while (oind > order) {
>		oind--;
>		m_buddy = &m[1 << oind];
>		KASSERT(m_buddy->order == VM_NFREEORDER,
>		    ("vm_phys_split_pages: page %p has unexpected order %d",
>		    m_buddy, m_buddy->order));
>		vm_freelist_add(fl, m_buddy, oind, tail);
>        }
>}
>
>/*
> * Add the physical pages [m, m + npages) at the beginning of a power-of-two
> * aligned and sized set to the specified free list.
> *
> * When this function is called by a page allocation function, the caller
> * should request insertion at the head unless the lower-order queues are
> * known to be empty.  The objective being to reduce the likelihood of long-
> * term fragmentation by promoting contemporaneous allocation and (hopefully)
> * deallocation.
> *
> * The physical page m's buddy must not be free.
> */
>static void
>vm_phys_enq_beg(vm_page_t m, u_int npages, struct vm_freelist *fl, int tail)
>{
>        int order;
>
>	KASSERT(npages == 0 ||
>	    (VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) &
>	    ((PAGE_SIZE << (fls(npages) - 1)) - 1)) == 0,
>	    ("%s: page %p and npages %u are misaligned",
>	    __func__, m, npages));
>        while (npages > 0) {
>		KASSERT(m->order == VM_NFREEORDER,
>		    ("%s: page %p has unexpected order %d",
>		    __func__, m, m->order));
>                order = fls(npages) - 1;
>		KASSERT(order < VM_NFREEORDER,
>		    ("%s: order %d is out of range", __func__, order));
>                vm_freelist_add(fl, m, order, tail);
>		m += 1 << order;
>                npages -= 1 << order;
>        }
>}
>
>/*
> * Add the physical pages [m, m + npages) at the end of a power-of-two aligned
> * and sized set to the specified free list.
> *
> * When this function is called by a page allocation function, the caller
> * should request insertion at the head unless the lower-order queues are
> * known to be empty.  The objective being to reduce the likelihood of long-
> * term fragmentation by promoting contemporaneous allocation and (hopefully)
> * deallocation.
> *
> * If npages is zero, this function does nothing and ignores the physical page
> * parameter m.  Otherwise, the physical page m's buddy must not be free.
> */
>static vm_page_t
>vm_phys_enq_range(vm_page_t m, u_int npages, struct vm_freelist *fl, int tail)
>{
>	int order;
>
>	KASSERT(npages == 0 ||
>	    ((VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) + npages * PAGE_SIZE) &
>	    ((PAGE_SIZE << (fls(npages) - 1)) - 1)) == 0,
>	    ("vm_phys_enq_range: page %p and npages %u are misaligned",
>	    m, npages));
>	while (npages > 0) {
>		KASSERT(m->order == VM_NFREEORDER,
>		    ("vm_phys_enq_range: page %p has unexpected order %d",
>		    m, m->order));
>		order = ffs(npages) - 1;
>		KASSERT(order < VM_NFREEORDER,
>		    ("vm_phys_enq_range: order %d is out of range", order));
>		vm_freelist_add(fl, m, order, tail);
>		m += 1 << order;
>		npages -= 1 << order;
>	}
>	return (m);
>}
>
>/*
> * Set the pool for a contiguous, power of two-sized set of physical pages. 
> */
>static void
>vm_phys_set_pool(int pool, vm_page_t m, int order)
>{
>	vm_page_t m_tmp;
>
>	for (m_tmp = m; m_tmp < &m[1 << order]; m_tmp++)
>		m_tmp->pool = pool;
>}
>
>/*
> * Tries to allocate the specified number of pages from the specified pool
> * within the specified domain.  Returns the actual number of allocated pages
> * and a pointer to each page through the array ma[].
> *
> * The returned pages may not be physically contiguous.  However, in contrast
> * to performing multiple, back-to-back calls to vm_phys_alloc_pages(..., 0),
> * calling this function once to allocate the desired number of pages will
> * avoid wasted time in vm_phys_split_pages().
> *
> * The free page queues for the specified domain must be locked.
> */
>int
>vm_phys_alloc_npages(int domain, int pool, int npages, vm_page_t ma[])
>{
>	struct vm_freelist *alt, *fl;
>	vm_page_t m;
>	int avail, end, flind, freelist, i, oind, pind;
>
>	KASSERT(domain >= 0 && domain < vm_ndomains,
>	    ("vm_phys_alloc_npages: domain %d is out of range", domain));
>	KASSERT(pool < VM_NFREEPOOL,
>	    ("vm_phys_alloc_npages: pool %d is out of range", pool));
>	KASSERT(npages <= 1 << (VM_NFREEORDER - 1),
>	    ("vm_phys_alloc_npages: npages %d is out of range", npages));
>	vm_domain_free_assert_locked(VM_DOMAIN(domain));
>	i = 0;
>	for (freelist = 0; freelist < VM_NFREELIST; freelist++) {
>		flind = vm_freelist_to_flind[freelist];
>		if (flind < 0)
>			continue;
>		fl = vm_phys_free_queues[domain][flind][pool];
>		for (oind = 0; oind < VM_NFREEORDER; oind++) {
>			while ((m = TAILQ_FIRST(&fl[oind].pl)) != NULL) {
>				vm_freelist_rem(fl, m, oind);
>				avail = i + (1 << oind);
>				end = imin(npages, avail);
>				while (i < end)
>					ma[i++] = m++;
>				if (i == npages) {
>					/*
>					 * Return excess pages to fl.  Its order
>					 * [0, oind) queues are empty.
>					 */
>					vm_phys_enq_range(m, avail - i, fl, 1);
>					return (npages);
>				}
>			}
>		}
>		for (oind = VM_NFREEORDER - 1; oind >= 0; oind--) {
>			for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++) {
>				alt = vm_phys_free_queues[domain][flind][pind];
>				while ((m = TAILQ_FIRST(&alt[oind].pl)) !=
>				    NULL) {
>					vm_freelist_rem(alt, m, oind);
>					vm_phys_set_pool(pool, m, oind);
>					avail = i + (1 << oind);
>					end = imin(npages, avail);
>					while (i < end)
>						ma[i++] = m++;
>					if (i == npages) {
>						/*
>						 * Return excess pages to fl.
>						 * Its order [0, oind) queues
>						 * are empty.
>						 */
>						vm_phys_enq_range(m, avail - i,
>						    fl, 1);
>						return (npages);
>					}
>				}
>			}
>		}
>	}
>	return (i);
>}
>
>/*
> * Allocate a contiguous, power of two-sized set of physical pages
> * from the free lists.
> *
> * The free page queues must be locked.
> */
>vm_page_t
>vm_phys_alloc_pages(int domain, int pool, int order)
>{
>	vm_page_t m;
>	int freelist;
>
>	for (freelist = 0; freelist < VM_NFREELIST; freelist++) {
>		m = vm_phys_alloc_freelist_pages(domain, freelist, pool, order);
>		if (m != NULL)
>			return (m);
>	}
>	return (NULL);
>}
>
>/*
> * Allocate a contiguous, power of two-sized set of physical pages from the
> * specified free list.  The free list must be specified using one of the
> * manifest constants VM_FREELIST_*.
> *
> * The free page queues must be locked.
> */
>vm_page_t
>vm_phys_alloc_freelist_pages(int domain, int freelist, int pool, int order)
>{
>	struct vm_freelist *alt, *fl;
>	vm_page_t m;
>	int oind, pind, flind;
>
>	KASSERT(domain >= 0 && domain < vm_ndomains,
>	    ("vm_phys_alloc_freelist_pages: domain %d is out of range",
>	    domain));
>	KASSERT(freelist < VM_NFREELIST,
>	    ("vm_phys_alloc_freelist_pages: freelist %d is out of range",
>	    freelist));
>	KASSERT(pool < VM_NFREEPOOL,
>	    ("vm_phys_alloc_freelist_pages: pool %d is out of range", pool));
>	KASSERT(order < VM_NFREEORDER,
>	    ("vm_phys_alloc_freelist_pages: order %d is out of range", order));
>
>	flind = vm_freelist_to_flind[freelist];
>	/* Check if freelist is present */
>	if (flind < 0)
>		return (NULL);
>
>	vm_domain_free_assert_locked(VM_DOMAIN(domain));
>	fl = &vm_phys_free_queues[domain][flind][pool][0];
>	for (oind = order; oind < VM_NFREEORDER; oind++) {
>		m = TAILQ_FIRST(&fl[oind].pl);
>		if (m != NULL) {
>			vm_freelist_rem(fl, m, oind);
>			/* The order [order, oind) queues are empty. */
>			vm_phys_split_pages(m, oind, fl, order, 1);
>			return (m);
>		}
>	}
>
>	/*
>	 * The given pool was empty.  Find the largest
>	 * contiguous, power-of-two-sized set of pages in any
>	 * pool.  Transfer these pages to the given pool, and
>	 * use them to satisfy the allocation.
>	 */
>	for (oind = VM_NFREEORDER - 1; oind >= order; oind--) {
>		for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++) {
>			alt = &vm_phys_free_queues[domain][flind][pind][0];
>			m = TAILQ_FIRST(&alt[oind].pl);
>			if (m != NULL) {
>				vm_freelist_rem(alt, m, oind);
>				vm_phys_set_pool(pool, m, oind);
>				/* The order [order, oind) queues are empty. */
>				vm_phys_split_pages(m, oind, fl, order, 1);
>				return (m);
>			}
>		}
>	}
>	return (NULL);
>}
>
>/*
> * Find the vm_page corresponding to the given physical address.
> */
>vm_page_t
>vm_phys_paddr_to_vm_page(vm_paddr_t pa)
>{
>	struct vm_phys_seg *seg;
>
>	if ((seg = vm_phys_paddr_to_seg(pa)) != NULL)
>		return (&seg->first_page[atop(pa - seg->start)]);
>	return (NULL);
>}
>
>vm_page_t
>vm_phys_fictitious_to_vm_page(vm_paddr_t pa)
>{
>	struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg tmp, *seg;
>	vm_page_t m;
>
>	m = NULL;
>	tmp.start = pa;
>	tmp.end = 0;
>
>	rw_rlock(&vm_phys_fictitious_reg_lock);
>	seg = RB_FIND(fict_tree, &vm_phys_fictitious_tree, &tmp);
>	rw_runlock(&vm_phys_fictitious_reg_lock);
>	if (seg == NULL)
>		return (NULL);
>
>	m = &seg->first_page[atop(pa - seg->start)];
>	KASSERT((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0, ("%p not fictitious", m));
>
>	return (m);
>}
>
>static inline void
>vm_phys_fictitious_init_range(vm_page_t range, vm_paddr_t start,
>    long page_count, vm_memattr_t memattr)
>{
>	long i;
>
>	bzero(range, page_count * sizeof(*range));
>	for (i = 0; i < page_count; i++) {
>		vm_page_initfake(&range[i], start + PAGE_SIZE * i, memattr);
>		range[i].oflags &= ~VPO_UNMANAGED;
>		range[i].busy_lock = VPB_UNBUSIED;
>	}
>}
>
>int
>vm_phys_fictitious_reg_range(vm_paddr_t start, vm_paddr_t end,
>    vm_memattr_t memattr)
>{
>	struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg *seg;
>	vm_page_t fp;
>	long page_count;
>#ifdef VM_PHYSSEG_DENSE
>	long pi, pe;
>	long dpage_count;
>#endif
>
>	KASSERT(start < end,
>	    ("Start of segment isn't less than end (start: %jx end: %jx)",
>	    (uintmax_t)start, (uintmax_t)end));
>
>	page_count = (end - start) / PAGE_SIZE;
>
>#ifdef VM_PHYSSEG_DENSE
>	pi = atop(start);
>	pe = atop(end);
>	if (pi >= first_page && (pi - first_page) < vm_page_array_size) {
>		fp = &vm_page_array[pi - first_page];
>		if ((pe - first_page) > vm_page_array_size) {
>			/*
>			 * We have a segment that starts inside
>			 * of vm_page_array, but ends outside of it.
>			 *
>			 * Use vm_page_array pages for those that are
>			 * inside of the vm_page_array range, and
>			 * allocate the remaining ones.
>			 */
>			dpage_count = vm_page_array_size - (pi - first_page);
>			vm_phys_fictitious_init_range(fp, start, dpage_count,
>			    memattr);
>			page_count -= dpage_count;
>			start += ptoa(dpage_count);
>			goto alloc;
>		}
>		/*
>		 * We can allocate the full range from vm_page_array,
>		 * so there's no need to register the range in the tree.
>		 */
>		vm_phys_fictitious_init_range(fp, start, page_count, memattr);
>		return (0);
>	} else if (pe > first_page && (pe - first_page) < vm_page_array_size) {
>		/*
>		 * We have a segment that ends inside of vm_page_array,
>		 * but starts outside of it.
>		 */
>		fp = &vm_page_array[0];
>		dpage_count = pe - first_page;
>		vm_phys_fictitious_init_range(fp, ptoa(first_page), dpage_count,
>		    memattr);
>		end -= ptoa(dpage_count);
>		page_count -= dpage_count;
>		goto alloc;
>	} else if (pi < first_page && pe > (first_page + vm_page_array_size)) {
>		/*
>		 * Trying to register a fictitious range that expands before
>		 * and after vm_page_array.
>		 */
>		return (EINVAL);
>	} else {
>alloc:
>#endif
>		fp = malloc(page_count * sizeof(struct vm_page), M_FICT_PAGES,
>		    M_WAITOK);
>#ifdef VM_PHYSSEG_DENSE
>	}
>#endif
>	vm_phys_fictitious_init_range(fp, start, page_count, memattr);
>
>	seg = malloc(sizeof(*seg), M_FICT_PAGES, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
>	seg->start = start;
>	seg->end = end;
>	seg->first_page = fp;
>
>	rw_wlock(&vm_phys_fictitious_reg_lock);
>	RB_INSERT(fict_tree, &vm_phys_fictitious_tree, seg);
>	rw_wunlock(&vm_phys_fictitious_reg_lock);
>
>	return (0);
>}
>
>void
>vm_phys_fictitious_unreg_range(vm_paddr_t start, vm_paddr_t end)
>{
>	struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg *seg, tmp;
>#ifdef VM_PHYSSEG_DENSE
>	long pi, pe;
>#endif
>
>	KASSERT(start < end,
>	    ("Start of segment isn't less than end (start: %jx end: %jx)",
>	    (uintmax_t)start, (uintmax_t)end));
>
>#ifdef VM_PHYSSEG_DENSE
>	pi = atop(start);
>	pe = atop(end);
>	if (pi >= first_page && (pi - first_page) < vm_page_array_size) {
>		if ((pe - first_page) <= vm_page_array_size) {
>			/*
>			 * This segment was allocated using vm_page_array
>			 * only, there's nothing to do since those pages
>			 * were never added to the tree.
>			 */
>			return;
>		}
>		/*
>		 * We have a segment that starts inside
>		 * of vm_page_array, but ends outside of it.
>		 *
>		 * Calculate how many pages were added to the
>		 * tree and free them.
>		 */
>		start = ptoa(first_page + vm_page_array_size);
>	} else if (pe > first_page && (pe - first_page) < vm_page_array_size) {
>		/*
>		 * We have a segment that ends inside of vm_page_array,
>		 * but starts outside of it.
>		 */
>		end = ptoa(first_page);
>	} else if (pi < first_page && pe > (first_page + vm_page_array_size)) {
>		/* Since it's not possible to register such a range, panic. */
>		panic(
>		    "Unregistering not registered fictitious range [%#jx:%#jx]",
>		    (uintmax_t)start, (uintmax_t)end);
>	}
>#endif
>	tmp.start = start;
>	tmp.end = 0;
>
>	rw_wlock(&vm_phys_fictitious_reg_lock);
>	seg = RB_FIND(fict_tree, &vm_phys_fictitious_tree, &tmp);
>	if (seg->start != start || seg->end != end) {
>		rw_wunlock(&vm_phys_fictitious_reg_lock);
>		panic(
>		    "Unregistering not registered fictitious range [%#jx:%#jx]",
>		    (uintmax_t)start, (uintmax_t)end);
>	}
>	RB_REMOVE(fict_tree, &vm_phys_fictitious_tree, seg);
>	rw_wunlock(&vm_phys_fictitious_reg_lock);
>	free(seg->first_page, M_FICT_PAGES);
>	free(seg, M_FICT_PAGES);
>}
>
>/*
> * Free a contiguous, power of two-sized set of physical pages.
> *
> * The free page queues must be locked.
> */
>void
>vm_phys_free_pages(vm_page_t m, int order)
>{
>	struct vm_freelist *fl;
>	struct vm_phys_seg *seg;
>	vm_paddr_t pa;
>	vm_page_t m_buddy;
>
>	KASSERT(m->order == VM_NFREEORDER,
>	    ("vm_phys_free_pages: page %p has unexpected order %d",
>	    m, m->order));
>	KASSERT(m->pool < VM_NFREEPOOL,
>	    ("vm_phys_free_pages: page %p has unexpected pool %d",
>	    m, m->pool));
>	KASSERT(order < VM_NFREEORDER,
>	    ("vm_phys_free_pages: order %d is out of range", order));
>	seg = &vm_phys_segs[m->segind];
>	vm_domain_free_assert_locked(VM_DOMAIN(seg->domain));
>	if (order < VM_NFREEORDER - 1) {
>		pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m);
>		do {
>			pa ^= ((vm_paddr_t)1 << (PAGE_SHIFT + order));
>			if (pa < seg->start || pa >= seg->end)
>				break;
>			m_buddy = &seg->first_page[atop(pa - seg->start)];
>			if (m_buddy->order != order)
>				break;
>			fl = (*seg->free_queues)[m_buddy->pool];
>			vm_freelist_rem(fl, m_buddy, order);
>			if (m_buddy->pool != m->pool)
>				vm_phys_set_pool(m->pool, m_buddy, order);
>			order++;
>			pa &= ~(((vm_paddr_t)1 << (PAGE_SHIFT + order)) - 1);
>			m = &seg->first_page[atop(pa - seg->start)];
>		} while (order < VM_NFREEORDER - 1);
>	}
>	fl = (*seg->free_queues)[m->pool];
>	vm_freelist_add(fl, m, order, 1);
>}
>
>/*
> * Return the largest possible order of a set of pages starting at m.
> */
>static int
>max_order(vm_page_t m)
>{
>
>	/*
>	 * Unsigned "min" is used here so that "order" is assigned
>	 * "VM_NFREEORDER - 1" when "m"'s physical address is zero
>	 * or the low-order bits of its physical address are zero
>	 * because the size of a physical address exceeds the size of
>	 * a long.
>	 */
>	return (min(ffsll(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) >> PAGE_SHIFT) - 1,
>	    VM_NFREEORDER - 1));
>}
>
>/*
> * Free a contiguous, arbitrarily sized set of physical pages, without
> * merging across set boundaries.
> *
> * The free page queues must be locked.
> */
>void
>vm_phys_enqueue_contig(vm_page_t m, u_long npages)
>{
>	struct vm_freelist *fl;
>	struct vm_phys_seg *seg;
>	vm_page_t m_end;
>	vm_paddr_t diff, lo;
>	int order;
>
>	/*
>	 * Avoid unnecessary coalescing by freeing the pages in the largest
>	 * possible power-of-two-sized subsets.
>	 */
>	vm_domain_free_assert_locked(vm_pagequeue_domain(m));
>	seg = &vm_phys_segs[m->segind];
>	fl = (*seg->free_queues)[m->pool];
>	m_end = m + npages;
>	/* Free blocks of increasing size. */
>	lo = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
>	if (m < m_end &&
>	    (diff = lo ^ (lo + npages - 1)) != 0) {
>		order = min(flsll(diff) - 1, VM_NFREEORDER - 1);
>		m = vm_phys_enq_range(m, roundup2(lo, 1 << order) - lo, fl, 1);
>	}
>
>	/* Free blocks of maximum size. */
>	order = VM_NFREEORDER - 1;
>	while (m + (1 << order) <= m_end) {
>		KASSERT(seg == &vm_phys_segs[m->segind],
>		    ("%s: page range [%p,%p) spans multiple segments",
>		    __func__, m_end - npages, m));
>		vm_freelist_add(fl, m, order, 1);
>		m += 1 << order;
>	}
>	/* Free blocks of diminishing size. */
>	vm_phys_enq_beg(m, m_end - m, fl, 1);
>}
>
>/*
> * Free a contiguous, arbitrarily sized set of physical pages.
> *
> * The free page queues must be locked.
> */
>void
>vm_phys_free_contig(vm_page_t m, u_long npages)
>{
>	int order_start, order_end;
>	vm_page_t m_start, m_end;
>
>	vm_domain_free_assert_locked(vm_pagequeue_domain(m));
>
>	m_start = m;
>	order_start = max_order(m_start);
>	if (order_start < VM_NFREEORDER - 1)
>		m_start += 1 << order_start;
>	m_end = m + npages;
>	order_end = max_order(m_end);
>	if (order_end < VM_NFREEORDER - 1)
>		m_end -= 1 << order_end;
>	/*
>	 * Avoid unnecessary coalescing by freeing the pages at the start and
>	 * end of the range last.
>	 */
>	if (m_start < m_end)
>		vm_phys_enqueue_contig(m_start, m_end - m_start);
>	if (order_start < VM_NFREEORDER - 1)
>		vm_phys_free_pages(m, order_start);
>	if (order_end < VM_NFREEORDER - 1)
>		vm_phys_free_pages(m_end, order_end);
>}
>
>/*
> * Identify the first address range within segment segind or greater
> * that matches the domain, lies within the low/high range, and has
> * enough pages.  Return -1 if there is none.
> */
>int
>vm_phys_find_range(vm_page_t bounds[], int segind, int domain,
>    u_long npages, vm_paddr_t low, vm_paddr_t high)
>{
>	vm_paddr_t pa_end, pa_start;
>	struct vm_phys_seg *end_seg, *seg;
>
>	KASSERT(npages > 0, ("npages is zero"));
>	KASSERT(domain >= 0 && domain < vm_ndomains, ("domain out of range"));
>	end_seg = &vm_phys_segs[vm_phys_nsegs];
>	for (seg = &vm_phys_segs[segind]; seg < end_seg; seg++) {
>		if (seg->domain != domain)
>			continue;
>		if (seg->start >= high)
>			return (-1);
>		pa_start = MAX(low, seg->start);
>		pa_end = MIN(high, seg->end);
>		if (pa_end - pa_start < ptoa(npages))
>			continue;
>		bounds[0] = &seg->first_page[atop(pa_start - seg->start)];
>		bounds[1] = &seg->first_page[atop(pa_end - seg->start)];
>		return (seg - vm_phys_segs);
>	}
>	return (-1);
>}
>
>/*
> * Search for the given physical page "m" in the free lists.  If the search
> * succeeds, remove "m" from the free lists and return true.  Otherwise, return
> * false, indicating that "m" is not in the free lists.
> *
> * The free page queues must be locked.
> */
>bool
>vm_phys_unfree_page(vm_page_t m)
>{
>	struct vm_freelist *fl;
>	struct vm_phys_seg *seg;
>	vm_paddr_t pa, pa_half;
>	vm_page_t m_set, m_tmp;
>	int order;
>
>	/*
>	 * First, find the contiguous, power of two-sized set of free
>	 * physical pages containing the given physical page "m" and
>	 * assign it to "m_set".
>	 */
>	seg = &vm_phys_segs[m->segind];
>	vm_domain_free_assert_locked(VM_DOMAIN(seg->domain));
>	for (m_set = m, order = 0; m_set->order == VM_NFREEORDER &&
>	    order < VM_NFREEORDER - 1; ) {
>		order++;
>		pa = m->phys_addr & (~(vm_paddr_t)0 << (PAGE_SHIFT + order));
>		if (pa >= seg->start)
>			m_set = &seg->first_page[atop(pa - seg->start)];
>		else
>			return (false);
>	}
>	if (m_set->order < order)
>		return (false);
>	if (m_set->order == VM_NFREEORDER)
>		return (false);
>	KASSERT(m_set->order < VM_NFREEORDER,
>	    ("vm_phys_unfree_page: page %p has unexpected order %d",
>	    m_set, m_set->order));
>
>	/*
>	 * Next, remove "m_set" from the free lists.  Finally, extract
>	 * "m" from "m_set" using an iterative algorithm: While "m_set"
>	 * is larger than a page, shrink "m_set" by returning the half
>	 * of "m_set" that does not contain "m" to the free lists.
>	 */
>	fl = (*seg->free_queues)[m_set->pool];
>	order = m_set->order;
>	vm_freelist_rem(fl, m_set, order);
>	while (order > 0) {
>		order--;
>		pa_half = m_set->phys_addr ^ (1 << (PAGE_SHIFT + order));
>		if (m->phys_addr < pa_half)
>			m_tmp = &seg->first_page[atop(pa_half - seg->start)];
>		else {
>			m_tmp = m_set;
>			m_set = &seg->first_page[atop(pa_half - seg->start)];
>		}
>		vm_freelist_add(fl, m_tmp, order, 0);
>	}
>	KASSERT(m_set == m, ("vm_phys_unfree_page: fatal inconsistency"));
>	return (true);
>}
>
>/*
> * Find a run of contiguous physical pages from the specified page list.
> */
>static vm_page_t
>vm_phys_find_freelist_contig(struct vm_freelist *fl, u_long npages,
>    vm_paddr_t low, vm_paddr_t high, u_long alignment, vm_paddr_t boundary)
>{
>	struct vm_phys_seg *seg;
>	vm_page_t m_ret;
>	vm_paddr_t max_size, pa, pa_end, size;
>
>	if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&fl[VM_NFREEORDER - 1].pl))
>		return (NULL);
>	m_ret = TAILQ_FIRST(&fl[VM_NFREEORDER - 1].pl);
>	seg = &vm_phys_segs[m_ret->segind];
>
>	size = npages << PAGE_SHIFT;
>	max_size = (vm_paddr_t)1 << (PAGE_SHIFT + VM_NFREEORDER - 1);
>	TAILQ_FOREACH(m_ret, &fl[VM_NFREEORDER - 1].pl, listq) {
>		/*
>		 * Verify that pa is the first free max page block >= low in the
>		 * sequence of physically contiguous blocks that contains pa.
>		 */
>		pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m_ret);
>		if (pa < low)
>			continue;
>		if (pa >= max_size && pa - max_size >= low &&
>		    VM_NFREEORDER - 1 ==
>		    vm_phys_paddr_to_vm_page(pa - max_size)->order)
>			continue;
>
>		/*
>		 * Advance pa to the first of the sequence, if any, that
>		 * satisfies address conditions.
>		 */
>		while (!vm_addr_ok(pa, size, alignment, boundary) &&
>		    VM_NFREEORDER - 1 ==
>		    vm_phys_paddr_to_vm_page(pa + max_size)->order)
>			pa += max_size;
>		if (!vm_addr_ok(pa, size, alignment, boundary))
>			continue;
>
>		/*
>		 * Verify that pa hasn't advanced so far that there's not enough
>		 * space left to allocate.
>		 */
>		pa_end = pa + size;
>		if (pa_end > high ||
>		    pa_end < pa ||
>		    pa < seg->start || seg->end < pa_end)
>			continue;
>
>		/*
>		 * Verify that the blocks to allocate starting at pa are all
>		 * free.
>		 */
>		do {
>			pa += max_size;
>			if (pa >= pa_end)
>				return (vm_phys_paddr_to_vm_page(pa_end - size));
>		} while (VM_NFREEORDER - 1 ==
>		    vm_phys_paddr_to_vm_page(pa)->order);
>	}
>	return (NULL);
>}
>
>/*
> * Find a run of contiguous physical pages from the specified free list
> * table.
> */
>static vm_page_t
>vm_phys_find_queues_contig(
>    struct vm_freelist (*queues)[VM_NFREEPOOL][VM_NFREEORDER_MAX],
>    u_long npages, vm_paddr_t low, vm_paddr_t high,
>    u_long alignment, vm_paddr_t boundary)
>{
>	struct vm_freelist *fl;
>	vm_page_t m_ret;
>	vm_paddr_t pa, pa_end, size;
>	int oind, order, pind;
>
>	KASSERT(npages > 0, ("npages is 0"));
>	KASSERT(powerof2(alignment), ("alignment is not a power of 2"));
>	KASSERT(powerof2(boundary), ("boundary is not a power of 2"));
>	/* Compute the queue that is the best fit for npages. */
>	order = flsl(npages - 1);
>	/* Search for a large enough free block. */
>	size = npages << PAGE_SHIFT;
>	for (oind = order; oind < VM_NFREEORDER; oind++) {
>		for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++) {
>			fl = (*queues)[pind];
>			TAILQ_FOREACH(m_ret, &fl[oind].pl, listq) {
>				/*
>				 * Determine if the address range starting at pa
>				 * is within the given range, satisfies the
>				 * given alignment, and does not cross the given
>				 * boundary.
>				 */
>				pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m_ret);
>				pa_end = pa + size;
>				if (low <= pa && pa_end <= high &&
>				    vm_addr_ok(pa, size, alignment, boundary))
>					return (m_ret);
>			}
>		}
>	}
>	if (order < VM_NFREEORDER)
>		return (NULL);
>	/* Search for a long-enough sequence of small blocks. */
>	for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++) {
>		fl = (*queues)[pind];
>		m_ret = vm_phys_find_freelist_contig(fl, npages,
>		    low, high, alignment, boundary);
>		if (m_ret != NULL)
>			return (m_ret);
>	}
>	return (NULL);
>}
>
>/*
> * Allocate a contiguous set of physical pages of the given size
> * "npages" from the free lists.  All of the physical pages must be at
> * or above the given physical address "low" and below the given
> * physical address "high".  The given value "alignment" determines the
> * alignment of the first physical page in the set.  If the given value
> * "boundary" is non-zero, then the set of physical pages cannot cross
> * any physical address boundary that is a multiple of that value.  Both
> * "alignment" and "boundary" must be a power of two.
> */
>vm_page_t
>vm_phys_alloc_contig(int domain, u_long npages, vm_paddr_t low, vm_paddr_t high,
>    u_long alignment, vm_paddr_t boundary)
>{
>	vm_paddr_t pa_end, pa_start;
>	struct vm_freelist *fl;
>	vm_page_t m, m_run;
>	struct vm_phys_seg *seg;
>	struct vm_freelist (*queues)[VM_NFREEPOOL][VM_NFREEORDER_MAX];
>	int oind, segind;
>
>	KASSERT(npages > 0, ("npages is 0"));
>	KASSERT(powerof2(alignment), ("alignment is not a power of 2"));
>	KASSERT(powerof2(boundary), ("boundary is not a power of 2"));
>	vm_domain_free_assert_locked(VM_DOMAIN(domain));
>	if (low >= high)
>		return (NULL);
>	queues = NULL;
>	m_run = NULL;
>	for (segind = vm_phys_nsegs - 1; segind >= 0; segind--) {
>		seg = &vm_phys_segs[segind];
>		if (seg->start >= high || seg->domain != domain)
>			continue;
>		if (low >= seg->end)
>			break;
>		if (low <= seg->start)
>			pa_start = seg->start;
>		else
>			pa_start = low;
>		if (high < seg->end)
>			pa_end = high;
>		else
>			pa_end = seg->end;
>		if (pa_end - pa_start < ptoa(npages))
>			continue;
>		/*
>		 * If a previous segment led to a search using
>		 * the same free lists as would this segment, then
>		 * we've actually already searched within this
>		 * too.  So skip it.
>		 */
>		if (seg->free_queues == queues)
>			continue;
>		queues = seg->free_queues;
>		vm_domain_free_assert_locked(VM_DOMAIN(seg->domain));
>		m_run = vm_phys_find_queues_contig(queues, npages,
>		    low, high, alignment, boundary);
>		if (m_run != NULL)
>			break;
>	}
>	if (m_run == NULL)
>		return (NULL);
>
>	/* Allocate pages from the page-range found. */
>	for (m = m_run; m < &m_run[npages]; m = &m[1 << oind]) {
>		fl = (*queues)[m->pool];
>		oind = m->order;
>		vm_freelist_rem(fl, m, oind);
>		if (m->pool != VM_FREEPOOL_DEFAULT)
>			vm_phys_set_pool(VM_FREEPOOL_DEFAULT, m, oind);
>	}
>	/* Return excess pages to the free lists. */
>	fl = (*queues)[VM_FREEPOOL_DEFAULT];
>	vm_phys_enq_range(&m_run[npages], m - &m_run[npages], fl, 0);
>	return (m_run);
>}
>
>/*
> * Return the index of the first unused slot which may be the terminating
> * entry.
> */
>static int
>vm_phys_avail_count(void)
>{
>	int i;
>
>	for (i = 0; phys_avail[i + 1]; i += 2)
>		continue;
>	if (i > PHYS_AVAIL_ENTRIES)
>		panic("Improperly terminated phys_avail %d entries", i);
>
>	return (i);
>}
>
>/*
> * Assert that a phys_avail entry is valid.
> */
>static void
>vm_phys_avail_check(int i)
>{
>	if (phys_avail[i] & PAGE_MASK)
>		panic("Unaligned phys_avail[%d]: %#jx", i,
>		    (intmax_t)phys_avail[i]);
>	if (phys_avail[i+1] & PAGE_MASK)
>		panic("Unaligned phys_avail[%d + 1]: %#jx", i,
>		    (intmax_t)phys_avail[i]);
>	if (phys_avail[i + 1] < phys_avail[i])
>		panic("phys_avail[%d] start %#jx < end %#jx", i,
>		    (intmax_t)phys_avail[i], (intmax_t)phys_avail[i+1]);
>}
>
>/*
> * Return the index of an overlapping phys_avail entry or -1.
> */
>#ifdef NUMA
>static int
>vm_phys_avail_find(vm_paddr_t pa)
>{
>	int i;
>
>	for (i = 0; phys_avail[i + 1]; i += 2)
>		if (phys_avail[i] <= pa && phys_avail[i + 1] > pa)
>			return (i);
>	return (-1);
>}
>#endif
>
>/*
> * Return the index of the largest entry.
> */
>int
>vm_phys_avail_largest(void)
>{
>	vm_paddr_t sz, largesz;
>	int largest;
>	int i;
>
>	largest = 0;
>	largesz = 0;
>	for (i = 0; phys_avail[i + 1]; i += 2) {
>		sz = vm_phys_avail_size(i);
>		if (sz > largesz) {
>			largesz = sz;
>			largest = i;
>		}
>	}
>
>	return (largest);
>}
>
>vm_paddr_t
>vm_phys_avail_size(int i)
>{
>
>	return (phys_avail[i + 1] - phys_avail[i]);
>}
>
>/*
> * Split an entry at the address 'pa'.  Return zero on success or errno.
> */
>static int
>vm_phys_avail_split(vm_paddr_t pa, int i)
>{
>	int cnt;
>
>	vm_phys_avail_check(i);
>	if (pa <= phys_avail[i] || pa >= phys_avail[i + 1])
>		panic("vm_phys_avail_split: invalid address");
>	cnt = vm_phys_avail_count();
>	if (cnt >= PHYS_AVAIL_ENTRIES)
>		return (ENOSPC);
>	memmove(&phys_avail[i + 2], &phys_avail[i],
>	    (cnt - i) * sizeof(phys_avail[0]));
>	phys_avail[i + 1] = pa;
>	phys_avail[i + 2] = pa;
>	vm_phys_avail_check(i);
>	vm_phys_avail_check(i+2);
>
>	return (0);
>}
>
>/*
> * Check if a given physical address can be included as part of a crash dump.
> */
>bool
>vm_phys_is_dumpable(vm_paddr_t pa)
>{
>	vm_page_t m;
>	int i;
>
>	if ((m = vm_phys_paddr_to_vm_page(pa)) != NULL)
>		return ((m->flags & PG_NODUMP) == 0);
>
>	for (i = 0; dump_avail[i] != 0 || dump_avail[i + 1] != 0; i += 2) {
>		if (pa >= dump_avail[i] && pa < dump_avail[i + 1])
>			return (true);
>	}
>	return (false);
>}
>
>void
>vm_phys_early_add_seg(vm_paddr_t start, vm_paddr_t end)
>{
>	struct vm_phys_seg *seg;
>
>	if (vm_phys_early_nsegs == -1)
>		panic("%s: called after initialization", __func__);
>	if (vm_phys_early_nsegs == nitems(vm_phys_early_segs))
>		panic("%s: ran out of early segments", __func__);
>
>	seg = &vm_phys_early_segs[vm_phys_early_nsegs++];
>	seg->start = start;
>	seg->end = end;
>}
>
>/*
> * This routine allocates NUMA node specific memory before the page
> * allocator is bootstrapped.
> */
>vm_paddr_t
>vm_phys_early_alloc(int domain, size_t alloc_size)
>{
>#ifdef NUMA
>	int mem_index;
>#endif
>	int i, biggestone;
>	vm_paddr_t pa, mem_start, mem_end, size, biggestsize, align;
>
>	KASSERT(domain == -1 || (domain >= 0 && domain < vm_ndomains),
>	    ("%s: invalid domain index %d", __func__, domain));
>
>	/*
>	 * Search the mem_affinity array for the biggest address
>	 * range in the desired domain.  This is used to constrain
>	 * the phys_avail selection below.
>	 */
>	biggestsize = 0;
>	mem_start = 0;
>	mem_end = -1;
>#ifdef NUMA
>	mem_index = 0;
>	if (mem_affinity != NULL) {
>		for (i = 0;; i++) {
>			size = mem_affinity[i].end - mem_affinity[i].start;
>			if (size == 0)
>				break;
>			if (domain != -1 && mem_affinity[i].domain != domain)
>				continue;
>			if (size > biggestsize) {
>				mem_index = i;
>				biggestsize = size;
>			}
>		}
>		mem_start = mem_affinity[mem_index].start;
>		mem_end = mem_affinity[mem_index].end;
>	}
>#endif
>
>	/*
>	 * Now find biggest physical segment in within the desired
>	 * numa domain.
>	 */
>	biggestsize = 0;
>	biggestone = 0;
>	for (i = 0; phys_avail[i + 1] != 0; i += 2) {
>		/* skip regions that are out of range */
>		if (phys_avail[i+1] - alloc_size < mem_start ||
>		    phys_avail[i+1] > mem_end)
>			continue;
>		size = vm_phys_avail_size(i);
>		if (size > biggestsize) {
>			biggestone = i;
>			biggestsize = size;
>		}
>	}
>	alloc_size = round_page(alloc_size);
>
>	/*
>	 * Grab single pages from the front to reduce fragmentation.
>	 */
>	if (alloc_size == PAGE_SIZE) {
>		pa = phys_avail[biggestone];
>		phys_avail[biggestone] += PAGE_SIZE;
>		vm_phys_avail_check(biggestone);
>		return (pa);
>	}
>
>	/*
>	 * Naturally align large allocations.
>	 */
>	align = phys_avail[biggestone + 1] & (alloc_size - 1);
>	if (alloc_size + align > biggestsize)
>		panic("cannot find a large enough size\n");
>	if (align != 0 &&
>	    vm_phys_avail_split(phys_avail[biggestone + 1] - align,
>	    biggestone) != 0)
>		/* Wasting memory. */
>		phys_avail[biggestone + 1] -= align;
>
>	phys_avail[biggestone + 1] -= alloc_size;
>	vm_phys_avail_check(biggestone);
>	pa = phys_avail[biggestone + 1];
>	return (pa);
>}
>
>void
>vm_phys_early_startup(void)
>{
>	struct vm_phys_seg *seg;
>	int i;
>
>	for (i = 0; phys_avail[i + 1] != 0; i += 2) {
>		phys_avail[i] = round_page(phys_avail[i]);
>		phys_avail[i + 1] = trunc_page(phys_avail[i + 1]);
>	}
>
>	for (i = 0; i < vm_phys_early_nsegs; i++) {
>		seg = &vm_phys_early_segs[i];
>		vm_phys_add_seg(seg->start, seg->end);
>	}
>	vm_phys_early_nsegs = -1;
>
>#ifdef NUMA
>	/* Force phys_avail to be split by domain. */
>	if (mem_affinity != NULL) {
>		int idx;
>
>		for (i = 0; mem_affinity[i].end != 0; i++) {
>			idx = vm_phys_avail_find(mem_affinity[i].start);
>			if (idx != -1 &&
>			    phys_avail[idx] != mem_affinity[i].start)
>				vm_phys_avail_split(mem_affinity[i].start, idx);
>			idx = vm_phys_avail_find(mem_affinity[i].end);
>			if (idx != -1 &&
>			    phys_avail[idx] != mem_affinity[i].end)
>				vm_phys_avail_split(mem_affinity[i].end, idx);
>		}
>	}
>#endif
>}
>
>#ifdef DDB
>/*
> * Show the number of physical pages in each of the free lists.
> */
>DB_SHOW_COMMAND_FLAGS(freepages, db_show_freepages, DB_CMD_MEMSAFE)
>{
>	struct vm_freelist *fl;
>	int flind, oind, pind, dom;
>
>	for (dom = 0; dom < vm_ndomains; dom++) {
>		db_printf("DOMAIN: %d\n", dom);
>		for (flind = 0; flind < vm_nfreelists; flind++) {
>			db_printf("FREE LIST %d:\n"
>			    "\n  ORDER (SIZE)  |  NUMBER"
>			    "\n              ", flind);
>			for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++)
>				db_printf("  |  POOL %d", pind);
>			db_printf("\n--            ");
>			for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++)
>				db_printf("-- --      ");
>			db_printf("--\n");
>			for (oind = VM_NFREEORDER - 1; oind >= 0; oind--) {
>				db_printf("  %2.2d (%6.6dK)", oind,
>				    1 << (PAGE_SHIFT - 10 + oind));
>				for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++) {
>				fl = vm_phys_free_queues[dom][flind][pind];
>					db_printf("  |  %6.6d", fl[oind].lcnt);
>				}
>				db_printf("\n");
>			}
>			db_printf("\n");
>		}
>		db_printf("\n");
>	}
>}
>#endif

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Attachments on bug 274592: 245992 | 246017 | 246038 | 246060 | 246076 | 246094 | 246126 | 246141 | 246148 | 246165 | 246184 | 246280