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(-)head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/disks/chapter.xml (-162 / +147 lines)
Lines 14-22 Link Here
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  <sect1 xml:id="disks-synopsis">
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  <sect1 xml:id="disks-synopsis">
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    <title>Synopsis</title>
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    <title>Synopsis</title>
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    <para>This chapter covers the use of disks in &os;.  This includes
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    <para>This chapter covers the configuration and use of disks in &os;.  This includes
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      memory-backed disks, network-attached disks, standard SCSI/IDE
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      memory-backed disks, network-attached disks, standard <acronym>SCSI</acronym>/<acronym>IDE</acronym> and <acronym>SATA</acronym>
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      storage devices, and devices using the USB interface.</para>
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      storage devices, and removable devices using the <acronym>USB</acronym> interface.</para>
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    <para>After reading this chapter, you will know:</para>
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    <para>After reading this chapter, you will know:</para>
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Lines 23-29 Link Here
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    <itemizedlist>
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    <itemizedlist>
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      <listitem>
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      <listitem>
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	<para>The terminology &os; uses to describe the organization
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	<para>The terminology &os; uses to describe the organization
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	  of data on a physical disk.</para>
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	  of data on a physical or logical disk.</para>
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      </listitem>
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      </listitem>
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      <listitem>
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      <listitem>
Lines 32-38 Link Here
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      </listitem>
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      </listitem>
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      <listitem>
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      <listitem>
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	<para>How to configure &os; to use USB storage devices.</para>
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	<para>How to configure &os; to use <acronym>USB</acronym> storage devices.</para>
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      </listitem>
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      </listitem>
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      <listitem>
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      <listitem>
Lines 93-167 Link Here
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	<tbody>
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	<tbody>
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	  <row>
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	  <row>
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	    <entry>IDE hard drives</entry>
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	    <entry><acronym>IDE</acronym> hard drives</entry>
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	    <entry><literal>ad</literal> or
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	    <entry><filename>ad</filename> or
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	      <literal>ada</literal></entry>
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	      <filename>ada</filename></entry>
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	  </row>
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	  </row>
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	  <row>
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	  <row>
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	    <entry>IDE CD-ROM drives</entry>
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	    <entry><acronym>IDE</acronym> CD-ROM drives</entry>
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	    <entry><literal>acd</literal> or
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	    <entry><filename>acd</filename> or
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	      <literal>cd</literal></entry>
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	      <filename>cd</filename></entry>
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	  </row>
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	  </row>
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	  <row>
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	  <row>
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	    <entry>SATA hard drives</entry>
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	    <entry><acronym>SATA</acronym> hard drives</entry>
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	    <entry><literal>ad</literal> or
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	    <entry><filename>ad</filename> or
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	      <literal>ada</literal></entry>
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	      <filename>ada</filename></entry>
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	  </row>
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	  </row>
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	  <row>
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	  <row>
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	    <entry>SATA CD-ROM drives</entry>
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	    <entry><acronym>SATA</acronym> CD-ROM drives</entry>
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	    <entry><literal>acd</literal> or
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	    <entry><filename>acd</filename> or
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	      <literal>cd</literal></entry>
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	      <filename>cd</filename></entry>
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	  </row>
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	  </row>
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	  <row>
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	  <row>
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	    <entry>SCSI hard drives and USB Mass storage
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	    <entry><acronym>SCSI</acronym> hard drives and <acronym>USB</acronym> Mass storage
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	      devices</entry>
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	      devices</entry>
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	    <entry><literal>da</literal></entry>
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	    <entry><filename>da</filename></entry>
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	  </row>
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	  </row>
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	  <row>
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	  <row>
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	    <entry>SCSI CD-ROM drives</entry>
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	    <entry><acronym>SCSI</acronym> CD-ROM drives</entry>
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	    <entry><literal>cd</literal></entry>
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	    <entry><filename>cd</filename></entry>
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	  </row>
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	  </row>
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	  <row>
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	  <row>
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	    <entry>Assorted non-standard CD-ROM drives</entry>
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	    <entry>Assorted non-standard CD-ROM drives</entry>
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	    <entry><literal>mcd</literal> for Mitsumi CD-ROM and
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	    <entry><filename>mcd</filename> for Mitsumi CD-ROM and
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	      <literal>scd</literal> for Sony CD-ROM devices</entry>
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	      <filename>scd</filename> for Sony CD-ROM devices</entry>
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	  </row>
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	  </row>
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	  <row>
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	  <row>
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	    <entry>Floppy drives</entry>
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	    <entry>Floppy drives</entry>
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	    <entry><literal>fd</literal></entry>
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	    <entry><filename>fd</filename></entry>
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	  </row>
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	  </row>
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	  <row>
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	  <row>
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	    <entry>SCSI tape drives</entry>
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	    <entry><acronym>SCSI</acronym> tape drives</entry>
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	    <entry><literal>sa</literal></entry>
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	    <entry><filename>sa</filename></entry>
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	  </row>
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	  </row>
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	  <row>
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	  <row>
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	    <entry>IDE tape drives</entry>
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	    <entry><acronym>IDE</acronym> tape drives</entry>
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	    <entry><literal>ast</literal></entry>
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	    <entry><filename>ast</filename></entry>
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	  </row>
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	  </row>
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	  <row>
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	  <row>
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	    <entry>Flash drives</entry>
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	    <entry>Flash drives</entry>
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	    <entry><literal>fla</literal> for &diskonchip; Flash
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	    <entry><filename>fla</filename> for &diskonchip; Flash
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	      device</entry>
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	      device</entry>
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	  </row>
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	  </row>
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	  <row>
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	  <row>
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	    <entry>RAID drives</entry>
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	    <entry>RAID drives</entry>
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	    <entry><literal>aacd</literal> for &adaptec; AdvancedRAID,
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	    <entry><filename>aacd</filename> for &adaptec; AdvancedRAID,
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	      <literal>mlxd</literal> and <literal>mlyd</literal>
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	      <filename>mlxd</filename> and <filename>mlyd</filename>
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	      for &mylex;,
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	      for &mylex;,
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	      <literal>amrd</literal> for AMI &megaraid;,
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	      <filename>amrd</filename> for AMI &megaraid;,
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	      <literal>idad</literal> for Compaq Smart RAID,
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	      <filename>idad</filename> for Compaq Smart RAID,
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	      <literal>twed</literal> for &tm.3ware; RAID.</entry>
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	      <filename>twed</filename> for &tm.3ware; RAID,
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	      <filename>mfid</filename> for &lsilogic; &megaraid;.</entry>
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	  </row>
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	  </row>
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	</tbody>
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	</tbody>
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      </tgroup>
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      </tgroup>
Lines 402-408 Link Here
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  <sect1 xml:id="usb-disks">
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  <sect1 xml:id="usb-disks">
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    <info>
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    <info>
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      <title>USB Storage Devices</title>
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      <title><acronym>USB</acronym> Storage Devices</title>
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      <authorgroup>
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      <authorgroup>
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	<author>
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	<author>
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      <secondary>disks</secondary>
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      <secondary>disks</secondary>
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    </indexterm>
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    </indexterm>
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    <para>Many external storage solutions, such as hard drives, USB
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    <para>Many external storage solutions, such as hard drives, <acronym>USB</acronym>
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      thumbdrives, and CD/DVD burners, use the Universal Serial Bus
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      thumbdrives, and CD/DVD burners, use the Universal Serial Bus
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      (USB).  &os; provides support for these devices.</para>
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      (<acronym>USB</acronym>).  &os; provides support for these devices.</para>
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    <sect2>
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    <sect2>
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      <title>Configuration</title>
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      <title>Configuration</title>
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      <para>The USB mass storage devices driver, &man.umass.4;, is
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      <para>The <acronym>USB</acronym> mass storage devices driver, &man.umass.4;, is
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	built into the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel and
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	built into the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel and
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	provides support for USB storage devices.  For a custom
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	provides support for <acronym>USB</acronym> storage devices.  For a custom
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	kernel, be sure that the following lines are present in the
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	kernel, be sure that the following lines are present in the
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	kernel configuration file:</para>
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	kernel configuration file:</para>
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      <programlisting>device scbus
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      <programlisting>device          scbus           # SCSI bus (required for ATA/SCSI) 
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device da
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device          da              # Direct Access (disks)
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device pass
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device          cd              # CD
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device uhci
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device          pass            # Passthrough device (direct ATA/SCSI access)
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device ohci
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device          uhci            # UHCI PCI->USB interface
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device ehci
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device          ohci            # OHCI PCI->USB interface
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device usb
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device          ehci            # EHCI PCI->USB interface (USB 2.0)
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device umass</programlisting>
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device          xhci            # XHCI PCI->USB interface (USB 3.0)
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device          usb             # USB Bus (required)
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device          umass           # Disks/Mass storage - Requires scbus and da</programlisting>
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      <para>Since the &man.umass.4; driver uses the SCSI subsystem to
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      <para>Since the &man.umass.4; driver uses the <acronym>SCSI</acronym> subsystem to
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	access the USB storage devices, any USB device will be seen as
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	access the <acronym>USB</acronym> storage devices, any <acronym>USB</acronym> device will be seen as
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	a SCSI device by the system.  Depending on the USB chipset on
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	a <acronym>SCSI</acronym> device by the system.  Depending on the <acronym>USB</acronym> chipset on
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	the motherboard, <literal>device uhci</literal> or
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	the motherboard, <literal>device uhci</literal> or
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	<literal>device ohci</literal> is used to provide USB 1.X
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	<literal>device ohci</literal> is used to provide <acronym>USB</acronym> 1.X
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	support.  Support for USB 2.0 controllers is provided by
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	support.  Support for <acronym>USB</acronym> 2.0 controllers is provided by
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	<literal>device ehci</literal>.</para>
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	<literal>device ehci</literal> and <acronym>USB</acronym> 3.0
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	by <filename>xhci</filename>.</para>
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      <note>
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	<para>If the USB device is a CD or DVD burner, &man.cd.4;,
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	  must be added to the kernel via the line:</para>
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	<programlisting>device cd</programlisting>
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	<para>Since the burner is seen as a SCSI drive, the driver
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	  &man.atapicam.4; should not be used in the kernel
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	  configuration.</para>
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      </note>
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    </sect2>
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    </sect2>
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    <sect2>
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    <sect2>
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      <title>Testing the Configuration</title>
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      <title>Testing the Configuration</title>
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      <para>To test the USB configuration, plug in the USB device.  In
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      <para>To test the <acronym>USB</acronym> configuration, plug in the <acronym>USB</acronym> device.  In
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	the system message buffer, &man.dmesg.8;, the drive should
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	the system message buffer, &man.dmesg.8;, the drive should
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	appear as something like:</para>
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	appear as something like:</para>
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Lines 479-486 Link Here
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      <para>The brand, device node (<filename>da0</filename>), and
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      <para>The brand, device node (<filename>da0</filename>), and
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	other details will differ according to the device.</para>
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	other details will differ according to the device.</para>
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      <para>Since the USB device is seen as a SCSI one,
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      <para>Since the <acronym>USB</acronym> device is seen as a <acronym>SCSI</acronym> device,
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	<command>camcontrol</command> can be used to list the USB
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	<command>camcontrol</command> can be used to list the <acronym>USB</acronym>
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	storage devices attached to the system:</para>
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	storage devices attached to the system:</para>
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      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>camcontrol devlist</userinput>
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      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>camcontrol devlist</userinput>
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      <para>If the drive comes with a file system, it can be mounted.
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      <para>If the drive comes with a file system, it can be mounted.
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	Refer to <xref linkend="disks-adding"/> for
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	Refer to <xref linkend="disks-adding"/> for
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	instructions on how to format and create partitions on the USB
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	instructions on how to format and create partitions on the <acronym>USB</acronym>
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	drive.</para>
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	drive.</para>
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      <warning>
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      <warning>
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add path 'da*' mode 0660 group operator</programlisting>
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add path 'da*' mode 0660 group operator</programlisting>
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      <note>
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      <note>
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	<para>If SCSI disks are installed in the system, change
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	<para>If <acronym>SCSI</acronym> disks are installed in the system, change
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	  the second line as follows:</para>
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	  the second line as follows:</para>
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	<programlisting>add path 'da[3-9]*' mode 0660 group operator</programlisting>
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	<programlisting>add path 'da[3-9]*' mode 0660 group operator</programlisting>
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511
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	<para>This will exclude the first three SCSI disks
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	<para>This will exclude the first three <acronym>SCSI</acronym> disks
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	  (<filename>da0</filename> to
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	  (<filename>da0</filename> through
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	  <filename>da2</filename>)from belonging to the
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	  <filename>da2</filename>) from belonging to the
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	  <systemitem class="groupname">operator</systemitem>
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	  <systemitem class="groupname">operator</systemitem>
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	  group.</para>
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	  group.</para>
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      </note>
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      </note>
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      <para>Next, enable the &man.devfs.rules.5; ruleset in
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      <para>Enable the &man.devfs.rules.5; ruleset in
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	<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>:</para>
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	<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>:</para>
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      <programlisting>devfs_system_ruleset="localrules"</programlisting>
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      <programlisting>devfs_system_ruleset="localrules"</programlisting>
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      <para>Next, instruct the running kernel to allow regular users
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      <para>Instruct the running kernel to allow regular users
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	to mount file systems.  The easiest way is to add the
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	to mount file systems.  The easiest way is to add the
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	following line to
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	following line to
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	<filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>:</para>
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	<filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>:</para>
Lines 551-557 Link Here
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      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mkdir /mnt/username</userinput>
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      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mkdir /mnt/username</userinput>
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&prompt.root; <userinput>chown username:usergroup /mnt/username</userinput></screen>
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&prompt.root; <userinput>chown username:usergroup /mnt/username</userinput></screen>
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      <para>Suppose a USB thumbdrive is plugged in, and a device
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      <para>Suppose a <acronym>USB</acronym> thumbdrive is plugged in, and a device
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	<filename>/dev/da0s1</filename> appears.  If the device is
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	<filename>/dev/da0s1</filename> appears.  If the device is
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	preformatted with a FAT file system, it can be mounted
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	preformatted with a FAT file system, it can be mounted
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	using:</para>
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	using:</para>
Lines 646-658 Link Here
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      </indexterm>
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      </indexterm>
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      <para>Which tool to use to burn the CD depends on whether the
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      <para>Which tool to use to burn the CD depends on whether the
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	CD burner is ATAPI or something else.  ATAPI CD burners use
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	CD burner is <acronym>ATAPI</acronym> or something else.  <acronym>ATAPI</acronym> CD burners use
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	<command>burncd</command> which is part of the base system.
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	<command>burncd</command> which is part of the base system.
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	SCSI and USB CD burners should use <command>cdrecord</command>
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	<acronym>SCSI</acronym> and <acronym>USB</acronym> CD burners should use <command>cdrecord</command>
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	from the <package>sysutils/cdrtools</package> port.  It is
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	from the <package>sysutils/cdrtools</package> port.  It is
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	also possible to use <command>cdrecord</command> and other
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	also possible to use <command>cdrecord</command> and other
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	tools for SCSI drives on ATAPI hardware with the
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	tools for <acronym>SCSI</acronym> drives on <acronym>ATAPI</acronym> hardware with the
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	<link linkend="atapicam">ATAPI/CAM module</link>.</para>
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	<link linkend="atapicam"><acronym>ATAPI</acronym>/<acronym>CAM</acronym> module</link>.</para>
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      <para>For CD burning software with a graphical user
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      <para>For CD burning software with a graphical user
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	interface, consider <application>X-CD-Roast</application> or
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	interface, consider <application>X-CD-Roast</application> or
Lines 661-667 Link Here
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	<package>sysutils/k3b</package> ports.
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	<package>sysutils/k3b</package> ports.
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	<application>X-CD-Roast</application> and
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	<application>X-CD-Roast</application> and
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	<application>K3b</application> require the
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	<application>K3b</application> require the
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	<link linkend="atapicam">ATAPI/CAM module</link> with ATAPI
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	<link linkend="atapicam"><acronym>ATAPI</acronym>/<acronym>CAM</acronym> module</link> with <acronym>ATAPI</acronym>
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	hardware.</para>
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	hardware.</para>
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    </sect2>
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    </sect2>
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Lines 755-761 Link Here
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	<primary>CD-ROMs</primary>
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	<primary>CD-ROMs</primary>
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	<secondary>burning</secondary>
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	<secondary>burning</secondary>
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      </indexterm>
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      </indexterm>
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      <para>For an ATAPI CD burner, <command>burncd</command> can be
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      <para>For an <acronym>ATAPI</acronym> CD burner, <command>burncd</command> can be
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	used to burn an ISO image onto a CD.
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	used to burn an ISO image onto a CD.
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	<command>burncd</command> is part of the base system,
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	<command>burncd</command> is part of the base system,
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	installed as <filename>/usr/sbin/burncd</filename>.  Usage is
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	installed as <filename>/usr/sbin/burncd</filename>.  Usage is
Lines 774-780 Link Here
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    <sect2 xml:id="cdrecord">
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    <sect2 xml:id="cdrecord">
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      <title><application>cdrecord</application></title>
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      <title><application>cdrecord</application></title>
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      <para>For systems without an ATAPI CD burner,
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      <para>For systems without an <acronym>ATAPI</acronym> CD burner,
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	<command>cdrecord</command> can be used to burn CDs.
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	<command>cdrecord</command> can be used to burn CDs.
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	<command>cdrecord</command> is not part of the base system and
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	<command>cdrecord</command> is not part of the base system and
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	must be installed from either the
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	must be installed from either the
Lines 838-848 Link Here
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      <para>To duplicate an audio CD, extract the audio data from the
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      <para>To duplicate an audio CD, extract the audio data from the
840
	CD to a series of files, then write these files to a blank CD.
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	CD to a series of files, then write these files to a blank CD.
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	The process is slightly different for ATAPI and SCSI
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	The process is slightly different for <acronym>ATAPI</acronym> and <acronym>SCSI</acronym>
842
	drives.</para>
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	drives.</para>
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      <procedure>
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      <procedure>
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	<title>SCSI Drives</title>
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	<title><acronym>SCSI</acronym> Drives</title>
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839
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	<step>
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	<step>
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	  <para>Use <command>cdda2wav</command> to extract the
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	  <para>Use <command>cdda2wav</command> to extract the
Lines 864-875 Link Here
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      </procedure>
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      </procedure>
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      <procedure>
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      <procedure>
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	<title>ATAPI Drives</title>
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	<title><acronym>ATAPI</acronym> Drives</title>
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	<note>
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	<note>
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	  <para>With the help of the
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	  <para>With the help of the
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	    <link linkend="atapicam">ATAPI/CAM module</link>,
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	    <link linkend="atapicam"><acronym>ATAPI</acronym>/<acronym>CAM</acronym> module</link>,
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	    <command>cdda2wav</command> can also be used on ATAPI
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	    <command>cdda2wav</command> can also be used on <acronym>ATAPI</acronym>
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	    drives.  This tool is usually a better choice for most of
866
	    drives.  This tool is usually a better choice for most of
874
	    users, as it supports jitter correction and endianness,
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	    users, as it supports jitter correction and endianness,
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	    than the method proposed below.</para>
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	    than the method proposed below.</para>
Lines 876-882 Link Here
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	</note>
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	</note>
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	<step>
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	<step>
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	  <para>The ATAPI CD driver makes each track available as
872
	  <para>The <acronym>ATAPI</acronym> CD driver makes each track available as
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	    <filename>/dev/acddtnn</filename>,
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	    <filename>/dev/acddtnn</filename>,
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	    where <replaceable>d</replaceable> is the drive number,
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	    where <replaceable>d</replaceable> is the drive number,
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	    and <replaceable>nn</replaceable> is the track number
875
	    and <replaceable>nn</replaceable> is the track number
Lines 941-947 Link Here
941
934
942
      <para>will generate an error about <errorname>Incorrect super
935
      <para>will generate an error about <errorname>Incorrect super
943
	  block</errorname>, and will fail to mount the CD.  The CD
936
	  block</errorname>, and will fail to mount the CD.  The CD
944
	  does not use the <literal>UFS</literal> file system, so
937
	  does not use the <acronym>UFS</acronym> file system, so
945
	  attempts to mount it as such will fail.  Instead, tell
938
	  attempts to mount it as such will fail.  Instead, tell
946
	  &man.mount.8; that the file system is of type
939
	  &man.mount.8; that the file system is of type
947
	  <literal>ISO9660</literal> by specifying
940
	  <literal>ISO9660</literal> by specifying
Lines 950-956 Link Here
950
	  under <filename>/mnt</filename>,
943
	  under <filename>/mnt</filename>,
951
	  use:</para>
944
	  use:</para>
952
945
953
      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mount -t cd9660 /dev/cd0 /mnt</userinput></screen>
946
      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mount -t cd9660 <replaceable>/dev/cd0</replaceable> /mnt</userinput></screen>
954
947
955
      <para>Replace <filename>/dev/cd0</filename> with the device
948
      <para>Replace <filename>/dev/cd0</filename> with the device
956
	name for the CD device.  Also, <option>-t cd9660</option>
949
	name for the CD device.  Also, <option>-t cd9660</option>
Lines 989-995 Link Here
989
	It can take a couple of seconds for a CD-ROM drive to realize
982
	It can take a couple of seconds for a CD-ROM drive to realize
990
	that a media is present, so be patient.</para>
983
	that a media is present, so be patient.</para>
991
984
992
      <para>Sometimes, a SCSI CD-ROM may be missed because it did not
985
      <para>Sometimes, a <acronym>SCSI</acronym> CD-ROM may be missed because it did not
993
	have enough time to answer the bus reset.  To resolve this,
986
	have enough time to answer the bus reset.  To resolve this,
994
	add the following option to the kernel configuration and
987
	add the following option to the kernel configuration and
995
	<link linkend="kernelconfig-building">rebuild the
988
	<link linkend="kernelconfig-building">rebuild the
Lines 997-1003 Link Here
997
990
998
      <programlisting>options SCSI_DELAY=15000</programlisting>
991
      <programlisting>options SCSI_DELAY=15000</programlisting>
999
992
1000
      <para>This tells the SCSI bus to pause 15 seconds during boot,
993
      <para>This tells the <acronym>SCSI</acronym> bus to pause 15 seconds during boot,
1001
	to give the CD-ROM drive every possible chance to answer the
994
	to give the CD-ROM drive every possible chance to answer the
1002
	bus reset.</para>
995
	bus reset.</para>
1003
    </sect2>
996
    </sect2>
Lines 1026-1032 Link Here
1026
1019
1027
    <sect2 xml:id="atapicam">
1020
    <sect2 xml:id="atapicam">
1028
      <info>
1021
      <info>
1029
	<title>Using the ATAPI/CAM Driver</title>
1022
	<title>Using the <acronym>ATAPI</acronym>/<acronym>CAM</acronym> Driver</title>
1030
1023
1031
	<authorgroup>
1024
	<authorgroup>
1032
	  <author>
1025
	  <author>
Lines 1041-1051 Link Here
1041
1034
1042
      <indexterm>
1035
      <indexterm>
1043
	<primary>CD burner</primary>
1036
	<primary>CD burner</primary>
1044
	<secondary>ATAPI/CAM driver</secondary>
1037
	<secondary><acronym>ATAPI</acronym>/<acronym>CAM</acronym> driver</secondary>
1045
      </indexterm>
1038
      </indexterm>
1046
1039
1047
      <para>This driver allows ATAPI devices, such as CD/DVD drives,
1040
      <para>This driver allows <acronym>ATAPI</acronym> devices, such as CD/DVD drives,
1048
	to be accessed through the SCSI subsystem, and so allows the
1041
	to be accessed through the <acronym>SCSI</acronym> subsystem, and so allows the
1049
	use of applications like <package>sysutils/cdrdao</package> or
1042
	use of applications like <package>sysutils/cdrdao</package> or
1050
	&man.cdrecord.1;.</para>
1043
	&man.cdrecord.1;.</para>
1051
1044
Lines 1092-1108 Link Here
1092
      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mount -t cd9660 /dev/cd0 /mnt</userinput></screen>
1085
      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mount -t cd9660 /dev/cd0 /mnt</userinput></screen>
1093
1086
1094
      <para>As <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>, run the
1087
      <para>As <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>, run the
1095
	following command to get the SCSI address of the
1088
	following command to get the <acronym>SCSI</acronym> address of the
1096
	burner:</para>
1089
	burner:</para>
1097
1090
1098
      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>camcontrol devlist</userinput>
1091
      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>camcontrol devlist</userinput>
1099
&lt;MATSHITA CDRW/DVD UJDA740 1.00&gt;   at scbus1 target 0 lun 0 (pass0,cd0)</screen>
1092
&lt;MATSHITA CDRW/DVD UJDA740 1.00&gt;   at scbus1 target 0 lun 0 (pass0,cd0)</screen>
1100
1093
1101
      <para>In this example, <literal>1,0,0</literal> is the SCSI
1094
      <para>In this example, <literal>1,0,0</literal> is the <acronym>SCSI</acronym>
1102
	address to use with &man.cdrecord.1; and other SCSI
1095
	address to use with &man.cdrecord.1; and other <acronym>SCSI</acronym>
1103
	applications.</para>
1096
	applications.</para>
1104
1097
1105
      <para>For more information about ATAPI/CAM and SCSI system,
1098
      <para>For more information about <acronym>ATAPI</acronym>/<acronym>CAM</acronym> and <acronym>SCSI</acronym> system,
1106
	refer to &man.atapicam.4; and &man.cam.4;.</para>
1099
	refer to &man.atapicam.4; and &man.cam.4;.</para>
1107
    </sect2>
1100
    </sect2>
1108
  </sect1>
1101
  </sect1>
Lines 1205-1218 Link Here
1205
	<package>sysutils/dvd+rw-tools</package> utilities which
1198
	<package>sysutils/dvd+rw-tools</package> utilities which
1206
	support all DVD media types.</para>
1199
	support all DVD media types.</para>
1207
1200
1208
      <para>These tools use the SCSI subsystem to access the devices,
1201
      <para>These tools use the <acronym>SCSI</acronym> subsystem to access the devices,
1209
	therefore <link linkend="atapicam">ATAPI/CAM support</link>
1202
	therefore <link linkend="atapicam"><acronym>ATAPI</acronym>/<acronym>CAM</acronym> support</link>
1210
	must be loaded or statically compiled into the kernel.  This
1203
	must be loaded or statically compiled into the kernel.  This
1211
	support is not needed if the burner uses the USB interface.
1204
	support is not needed if the burner uses the <acronym>USB</acronym> interface.
1212
	Refer to <xref linkend="usb-disks"/> for more details
1205
	Refer to <xref linkend="usb-disks"/> for more details
1213
	on USB device configuration.</para>
1206
	on <acronym>USB</acronym> device configuration.</para>
1214
1207
1215
      <para>DMA access must also be enabled for ATAPI devices, by
1208
      <para>DMA access must also be enabled for <acronym>ATAPI</acronym> devices, by
1216
	adding the following line to
1209
	adding the following line to
1217
	<filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>:</para>
1210
	<filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>:</para>
1218
1211
Lines 1516-1523 Link Here
1516
      <sect3>
1509
      <sect3>
1517
	<title>Configuration</title>
1510
	<title>Configuration</title>
1518
1511
1519
	<para>DVD-RAM writers can use either a SCSI or ATAPI
1512
	<para>DVD-RAM writers can use either a <acronym>SCSI</acronym> or <acronym>ATAPI</acronym>
1520
	  interface.  For ATAPI devices, DMA access has to be
1513
	  interface.  For <acronym>ATAPI</acronym> devices, DMA access has to be
1521
	  enabled by adding the following line to
1514
	  enabled by adding the following line to
1522
	  <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>:</para>
1515
	  <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>:</para>
1523
1516
Lines 1613-1619 Link Here
1613
1606
1614
      <step>
1607
      <step>
1615
	<para>The floppy is now ready to be high-level formatted with
1608
	<para>The floppy is now ready to be high-level formatted with
1616
	  a file system.  The floppy's file system can be either UFS
1609
	  a file system.  The floppy's file system can be either <acronym>UFS</acronym>
1617
	  or FAT, where FAT is generally a better choice for
1610
	  or FAT, where FAT is generally a better choice for
1618
	  floppies.</para>
1611
	  floppies.</para>
1619
1612
Lines 1638-1645 Link Here
1638
      to be used in a modern system.  Modern backup systems tend to
1631
      to be used in a modern system.  Modern backup systems tend to
1639
      use off site combined with local removable disk drive
1632
      use off site combined with local removable disk drive
1640
      technologies.  Still, &os; will support any tape drive that
1633
      technologies.  Still, &os; will support any tape drive that
1641
      uses SCSI, such as LTO and older devices such as DAT.  There is
1634
      uses <acronym>SCSI</acronym>, such as LTO and older devices such as DAT.  There is
1642
      limited support for SATA and USB tape drives.</para>
1635
      limited support for <acronym>SATA</acronym> and <acronym>USB</acronym> tape drives.</para>
1643
1636
1644
    <sect2 xml:id="tapes-sa0">
1637
    <sect2 xml:id="tapes-sa0">
1645
      <title>Serial Access with &man.sa.4;</title>
1638
      <title>Serial Access with &man.sa.4;</title>
Lines 1777-1783 Link Here
1777
    <para>Typically, a mix of backup techniques is used.  For
1770
    <para>Typically, a mix of backup techniques is used.  For
1778
      example, one could create a schedule to automate a weekly, full
1771
      example, one could create a schedule to automate a weekly, full
1779
      system backup that is stored off-site and to supplement this
1772
      system backup that is stored off-site and to supplement this
1780
      backup with hourly ZFS snapshots.  In addition, one could make a
1773
      backup with hourly <acronym>ZFS</acronym> snapshots.  In addition, one could make a
1781
      manual backup of individual directories or files before making
1774
      manual backup of individual directories or files before making
1782
      file edits or deletions.</para>
1775
      file edits or deletions.</para>
1783
1776
Lines 1857-1863 Link Here
1857
      </example>
1850
      </example>
1858
1851
1859
      <para>This example sets <envar>RSH</envar> in order to write the
1852
      <para>This example sets <envar>RSH</envar> in order to write the
1860
	the backup to a tape drive on a remote system over a
1853
	backup to a tape drive on a remote system over a
1861
	<acronym>SSH</acronym> connection:</para>
1854
	<acronym>SSH</acronym> connection:</para>
1862
1855
1863
      <example>
1856
      <example>
Lines 1896-1902 Link Here
1896
	same directory that is being backed up.</para>
1889
	same directory that is being backed up.</para>
1897
1890
1898
      <example>
1891
      <example>
1899
	<title>Backing Up the Current Directory With
1892
	<title>Backing Up the Current Directory with
1900
	  <command>tar</command></title>
1893
	  <command>tar</command></title>
1901
1894
1902
      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>tar czvf /tmp/mybackup.tgz . </userinput></screen>
1895
      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>tar czvf /tmp/mybackup.tgz . </userinput></screen>
Lines 1910-1916 Link Here
1910
	backup to restore.</para>
1903
	backup to restore.</para>
1911
1904
1912
      <example>
1905
      <example>
1913
	<title>Restoring Up the Current Directory With
1906
	<title>Restoring Up the Current Directory with
1914
	  <command>tar</command></title>
1907
	  <command>tar</command></title>
1915
1908
1916
      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>tar xzvf /tmp/mybackup.tgz</userinput></screen>
1909
      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>tar xzvf /tmp/mybackup.tgz</userinput></screen>
Lines 1968-1974 Link Here
1968
	examples would be:</para>
1961
	examples would be:</para>
1969
1962
1970
      <example>
1963
      <example>
1971
	<title>Backing Up the Current Directory With
1964
	<title>Backing Up the Current Directory with
1972
	  <command>pax</command></title>
1965
	  <command>pax</command></title>
1973
1966
1974
      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pax -wf /tmp/mybackup.pax .</userinput></screen>
1967
      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pax -wf /tmp/mybackup.pax .</userinput></screen>
Lines 2158-2164 Link Here
2158
      <para>While &man.mdconfig.8; is useful, it takes several
2151
      <para>While &man.mdconfig.8; is useful, it takes several
2159
	command lines to create a file-backed file system.  &os; also
2152
	command lines to create a file-backed file system.  &os; also
2160
	comes with &man.mdmfs.8; which automatically configures a
2153
	comes with &man.mdmfs.8; which automatically configures a
2161
	&man.md.4; disk using &man.mdconfig.8;, puts a UFS file system
2154
	&man.md.4; disk using &man.mdconfig.8;, puts a <acronym>UFS</acronym> file system
2162
	on it using &man.newfs.8;, and mounts it using &man.mount.8;.
2155
	on it using &man.newfs.8;, and mounts it using &man.mount.8;.
2163
	For example, to create and mount the same file system image as
2156
	For example, to create and mount the same file system image as
2164
	above, type the following:</para>
2157
	above, type the following:</para>
Lines 2273-2283 Link Here
2273
      <secondary>snapshots</secondary>
2266
      <secondary>snapshots</secondary>
2274
    </indexterm>
2267
    </indexterm>
2275
2268
2276
    <para>&os; offers a feature in conjunction with
2269
    <para>&os; offers a feature in conjunction with <acronym>UFS</acronym>
2277
      <link linkend="soft-updates">Soft Updates</link>: file system
2270
      <link linkend="soft-updates">Soft Updates</link>: file system
2278
      snapshots.</para>
2271
      snapshots.</para>
2279
2272
2280
    <para>UFS snapshots allow a user to create images of specified
2273
    <para><acronym>UFS</acronym> snapshots allow a user to create images of specified
2281
      file systems, and treat them as a file.  Snapshot files must be
2274
      file systems, and treat them as a file.  Snapshot files must be
2282
      created in the file system that the action is performed on, and
2275
      created in the file system that the action is performed on, and
2283
      a user may create no more than 20 snapshots per file system.
2276
      a user may create no more than 20 snapshots per file system.
Lines 2285-2292 Link Here
2285
      persistent across unmount and remount operations along with
2278
      persistent across unmount and remount operations along with
2286
      system reboots.  When a snapshot is no longer required, it can
2279
      system reboots.  When a snapshot is no longer required, it can
2287
      be removed using &man.rm.1;.  While snapshots may be removed in
2280
      be removed using &man.rm.1;.  While snapshots may be removed in
2288
      any order, all the used space may not be acquired because
2281
      any order, all the used space may not be reclaimed because
2289
      another snapshot will possibly claim some of the released
2282
      another snapshot will possibly still be using some of the
2290
      blocks.</para>
2283
      blocks.</para>
2291
2284
2292
    <para>The un-alterable <option>snapshot</option> file flag is set
2285
    <para>The un-alterable <option>snapshot</option> file flag is set
Lines 2656-2662 Link Here
2656
      systems.  No cleartext ever touches the hard drive's
2649
      systems.  No cleartext ever touches the hard drive's
2657
      platter.</para>
2650
      platter.</para>
2658
2651
2659
    <sect2>
2652
    <sect2 xml:id="disks-encrypting-gbde">
2660
      <title>Disk Encryption with
2653
      <title>Disk Encryption with
2661
	<application>gbde</application></title>
2654
	<application>gbde</application></title>
2662
2655
Lines 2702-2715 Link Here
2702
	    <para>Install the new drive to the system as explained in
2695
	    <para>Install the new drive to the system as explained in
2703
	      <xref linkend="disks-adding"/>.  For the purposes
2696
	      <xref linkend="disks-adding"/>.  For the purposes
2704
	      of this example, a new hard drive partition has been
2697
	      of this example, a new hard drive partition has been
2705
	      added as <filename>/dev/ad4s1c</filename> and
2698
	      added as <filename>/dev/ada1p1</filename> and
2706
	      <filename>/dev/ad0s1*</filename>
2699
	      <filename>/dev/ada0*</filename>
2707
	      represents the existing standard &os; partitions.</para>
2700
	      represents the existing standard &os; partitions.</para>
2708
2701
2709
	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ls /dev/ad*</userinput>
2702
	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ls /dev/ada*</userinput>
2710
/dev/ad0        /dev/ad0s1b     /dev/ad0s1e     /dev/ad4s1
2703
/dev/ada0	/dev/ada0p2	/dev/ada1
2711
/dev/ad0s1      /dev/ad0s1c     /dev/ad0s1f     /dev/ad4s1c
2704
/dev/ada0p1	/dev/ada0p3	/dev/ada1p1</screen>
2712
/dev/ad0s1a     /dev/ad0s1d     /dev/ad4</screen>
2713
	  </step>
2705
	  </step>
2714
2706
2715
	  <step>
2707
	  <step>
Lines 2737-2743 Link Here
2737
	      initialized before it can be used.  This initialization
2729
	      initialized before it can be used.  This initialization
2738
	      needs to be performed only once:</para>
2730
	      needs to be performed only once:</para>
2739
2731
2740
	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>gbde init /dev/ad4s1c -i -L /etc/gbde/ad4s1c.lock</userinput></screen>
2732
	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>gbde init /dev/ada1p1 -i -L /etc/gbde/ada1p1.lock</userinput></screen>
2741
2733
2742
	    <para>&man.gbde.8; will open the default editor, in order
2734
	    <para>&man.gbde.8; will open the default editor, in order
2743
	      to set various configuration options in a template.  For
2735
	      to set various configuration options in a template.  For
Lines 2767-2773 Link Here
2767
	    <para><command>gbde init</command>creates a lock file for
2759
	    <para><command>gbde init</command>creates a lock file for
2768
	      the <application>gbde</application> partition.  In this
2760
	      the <application>gbde</application> partition.  In this
2769
	      example, it is stored as
2761
	      example, it is stored as
2770
	      <filename>/etc/gbde/ad4s1c.lock</filename>.
2762
	      <filename>/etc/gbde/ada1p1.lock</filename>.
2771
	      <application>gbde</application> lock files must end in
2763
	      <application>gbde</application> lock files must end in
2772
	      <quote>.lock</quote> in order to be correctly detected
2764
	      <quote>.lock</quote> in order to be correctly detected
2773
	      by the <filename>/etc/rc.d/gbde</filename> start up
2765
	      by the <filename>/etc/rc.d/gbde</filename> start up
Lines 2791-2797 Link Here
2791
	    <title>Attach the Encrypted Partition to the
2783
	    <title>Attach the Encrypted Partition to the
2792
	      Kernel</title>
2784
	      Kernel</title>
2793
2785
2794
	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>gbde attach /dev/ad4s1c -l /etc/gbde/ad4s1c.lock</userinput></screen>
2786
	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>gbde attach /dev/ada1p1 -l /etc/gbde/ada1p1.lock</userinput></screen>
2795
2787
2796
	    <para>This command will prompt to input the passphrase
2788
	    <para>This command will prompt to input the passphrase
2797
	      that was selected during the initialization of the
2789
	      that was selected during the initialization of the
Lines 2800-2809 Link Here
2800
	      <filename>/dev</filename> as
2792
	      <filename>/dev</filename> as
2801
	      <filename>/dev/device_name.bde</filename>:</para>
2793
	      <filename>/dev/device_name.bde</filename>:</para>
2802
2794
2803
	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ls /dev/ad*</userinput>
2795
	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ls /dev/ada*</userinput>
2804
/dev/ad0        /dev/ad0s1b     /dev/ad0s1e     /dev/ad4s1
2796
/dev/ada0	/dev/ada0p2	/dev/ada1	/dev/ada1p1.bde
2805
/dev/ad0s1      /dev/ad0s1c     /dev/ad0s1f     /dev/ad4s1c
2797
/dev/ada0p1	/dev/ada0p3	/dev/ada1p1</screen>
2806
/dev/ad0s1a     /dev/ad0s1d     /dev/ad4        /dev/ad4s1c.bde</screen>
2807
	  </step>
2798
	  </step>
2808
2799
2809
	  <step>
2800
	  <step>
Lines 2815-2821 Link Here
2815
	      &man.newfs.8;.  This example creates a UFS2 file
2806
	      &man.newfs.8;.  This example creates a UFS2 file
2816
	      system with soft updates enabled.</para>
2807
	      system with soft updates enabled.</para>
2817
2808
2818
	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>newfs -U /dev/ad4s1c.bde</userinput></screen>
2809
	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>newfs -U /dev/ada1p1.bde</userinput></screen>
2819
2810
2820
	    <note>
2811
	    <note>
2821
	      <para>&man.newfs.8; must be performed on an attached
2812
	      <para>&man.newfs.8; must be performed on an attached
Lines 2836-2842 Link Here
2836
2827
2837
	    <para>Mount the encrypted file system:</para>
2828
	    <para>Mount the encrypted file system:</para>
2838
2829
2839
	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mount /dev/ad4s1c.bde /private</userinput></screen>
2830
	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mount /dev/ada1p1.bde /private</userinput></screen>
2840
	  </step>
2831
	  </step>
2841
2832
2842
	  <step>
2833
	  <step>
Lines 2848-2859 Link Here
2848
2839
2849
	    <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>df -H</userinput>
2840
	    <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>df -H</userinput>
2850
Filesystem        Size   Used  Avail Capacity  Mounted on
2841
Filesystem        Size   Used  Avail Capacity  Mounted on
2851
/dev/ad0s1a      1037M    72M   883M     8%    /
2842
/dev/ada0p2       1037M    72M   883M     8%    /
2852
/devfs            1.0K   1.0K     0B   100%    /dev
2843
/devfs             1.0K   1.0K     0B   100%    /dev
2853
/dev/ad0s1f       8.1G    55K   7.5G     0%    /home
2844
/dev/ada1p1.bde    150G   4.1K   138G     0%    /private</screen>
2854
/dev/ad0s1e      1037M   1.1M   953M     0%    /tmp
2855
/dev/ad0s1d       6.1G   1.9G   3.7G    35%    /usr
2856
/dev/ad4s1c.bde   150G   4.1K   138G     0%    /private</screen>
2857
	  </step>
2845
	  </step>
2858
	</procedure>
2846
	</procedure>
2859
      </sect3>
2847
      </sect3>
Lines 2872-2878 Link Here
2872
	    <title>Attach the <command>gbde</command> Partition to the
2860
	    <title>Attach the <command>gbde</command> Partition to the
2873
	      Kernel</title>
2861
	      Kernel</title>
2874
2862
2875
	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>gbde attach /dev/ad4s1c -l /etc/gbde/ad4s1c.lock</userinput></screen>
2863
	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>gbde attach /dev/ada1p1 -l /etc/gbde/ada1p1.lock</userinput></screen>
2876
2864
2877
	    <para>This command will prompt for the passphrase that was
2865
	    <para>This command will prompt for the passphrase that was
2878
	      selected during initialization of the encrypted
2866
	      selected during initialization of the encrypted
Lines 2887-2899 Link Here
2887
	      the file systems must be checked for errors by running
2875
	      the file systems must be checked for errors by running
2888
	      &man.fsck.8; manually before mounting:</para>
2876
	      &man.fsck.8; manually before mounting:</para>
2889
2877
2890
	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>fsck -p -t ffs /dev/ad4s1c.bde</userinput></screen>
2878
	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>fsck -p -t ffs /dev/ada1p1.bde</userinput></screen>
2891
	  </step>
2879
	  </step>
2892
2880
2893
	  <step>
2881
	  <step>
2894
	    <title>Mount the Encrypted File System</title>
2882
	    <title>Mount the Encrypted File System</title>
2895
2883
2896
	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mount /dev/ad4s1c.bde /private</userinput></screen>
2884
	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mount /dev/ada1p1.bde /private</userinput></screen>
2897
2885
2898
	    <para>The encrypted file system is now available for
2886
	    <para>The encrypted file system is now available for
2899
	      use.</para>
2887
	      use.</para>
Lines 2915-2921 Link Here
2915
	    &man.rc.conf.5;:</para>
2903
	    &man.rc.conf.5;:</para>
2916
2904
2917
	  <programlisting>gbde_autoattach_all="YES"
2905
	  <programlisting>gbde_autoattach_all="YES"
2918
gbde_devices="ad4s1c"
2906
gbde_devices="ada1p1"
2919
gbde_lockdir="/etc/gbde"</programlisting>
2907
gbde_lockdir="/etc/gbde"</programlisting>
2920
2908
2921
	  <para>This requires that the
2909
	  <para>This requires that the
Lines 2950-2961 Link Here
2950
	  probing for devices.  To detach the encrypted device used in
2938
	  probing for devices.  To detach the encrypted device used in
2951
	  the example, use the following command:</para>
2939
	  the example, use the following command:</para>
2952
2940
2953
	<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>gbde detach /dev/ad4s1c</userinput></screen>
2941
	<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>gbde detach /dev/ada1p1</userinput></screen>
2954
2942
2955
      </sect3>
2943
      </sect3>
2956
    </sect2>
2944
    </sect2>
2957
2945
2958
    <sect2>
2946
    <sect2 xml:id="disks-encrypting-geli">
2959
      <info>
2947
      <info>
2960
	<title>Disk Encryption with <command>geli</command></title>
2948
	<title>Disk Encryption with <command>geli</command></title>
2961
2949
Lines 3116-3126 Link Here
3116
3104
3117
	  <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>df -H</userinput>
3105
	  <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>df -H</userinput>
3118
Filesystem     Size   Used  Avail Capacity  Mounted on
3106
Filesystem     Size   Used  Avail Capacity  Mounted on
3119
/dev/ad0s1a    248M    89M   139M    38%    /
3107
/dev/ada0p2    248M    89M   139M    38%    /
3120
/devfs         1.0K   1.0K     0B   100%    /dev
3108
/devfs         1.0K   1.0K     0B   100%    /dev
3121
/dev/ad0s1f    7.7G   2.3G   4.9G    32%    /usr
3122
/dev/ad0s1d    989M   1.5M   909M     0%    /tmp
3123
/dev/ad0s1e    3.9G   1.3G   2.3G    35%    /var
3124
/dev/da2.eli   150G   4.1K   138G     0%    /private</screen>
3109
/dev/da2.eli   150G   4.1K   138G     0%    /private</screen>
3125
	</step>
3110
	</step>
3126
3111
Lines 3198-3204 Link Here
3198
      passwords stay in physical memory, these passwords will not be
3183
      passwords stay in physical memory, these passwords will not be
3199
      written to disk and be cleared after a reboot.  If &os; starts
3184
      written to disk and be cleared after a reboot.  If &os; starts
3200
      swapping out memory pages to free space for other applications,
3185
      swapping out memory pages to free space for other applications,
3201
      the passwords may be written to the disk platters unencrypted.
3186
      the passwords may be written to disk unencrypted.
3202
      Encrypting swap space can be a solution for this
3187
      Encrypting swap space can be a solution for this
3203
      scenario.</para>
3188
      scenario.</para>
3204
3189
Lines 3209-3215 Link Here
3209
3194
3210
    <note>
3195
    <note>
3211
      <para>For the remainder of this section,
3196
      <para>For the remainder of this section,
3212
	<filename>ad0s1b</filename> will be the swap
3197
	<filename>ada0p3</filename> will be the swap
3213
	partition.</para>
3198
	partition.</para>
3214
    </note>
3199
    </note>
3215
3200
Lines 3218-3224 Link Here
3218
      overwrite the current swap partition with random garbage,
3203
      overwrite the current swap partition with random garbage,
3219
      execute the following command:</para>
3204
      execute the following command:</para>
3220
3205
3221
    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=/dev/random of=/dev/ad0s1b bs=1m</userinput></screen>
3206
    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=/dev/random of=/dev/ada0p3 bs=1m</userinput></screen>
3222
3207
3223
    <sect2>
3208
    <sect2>
3224
      <title>Swap Encryption with &man.gbde.8;</title>
3209
      <title>Swap Encryption with &man.gbde.8;</title>
Lines 3228-3234 Link Here
3228
	line:</para>
3213
	line:</para>
3229
3214
3230
      <programlisting># Device		Mountpoint	FStype	Options		Dump	Pass#
3215
      <programlisting># Device		Mountpoint	FStype	Options		Dump	Pass#
3231
/dev/ad0s1b.bde		none		swap	sw		0	0</programlisting>
3216
/dev/ada0p3.bde		none		swap	sw		0	0</programlisting>
3232
    </sect2>
3217
    </sect2>
3233
3218
3234
    <sect2>
3219
    <sect2>
Lines 3241-3251 Link Here
3241
	line:</para>
3226
	line:</para>
3242
3227
3243
      <programlisting># Device		Mountpoint	FStype	Options		Dump	Pass#
3228
      <programlisting># Device		Mountpoint	FStype	Options		Dump	Pass#
3244
/dev/ad0s1b.eli		none		swap	sw		0	0</programlisting>
3229
/dev/ada0p3.eli		none		swap	sw		0	0</programlisting>
3245
3230
3246
      <para>&man.geli.8; uses the <acronym>AES</acronym> algorithm
3231
      <para>&man.geli.8; uses the <acronym>AES</acronym> algorithm
3247
	with a key length of 128 bit by default.  These defaults can
3232
	with a key length of 128 bit by default.  These defaults can
3248
	be altered by using <literal>geli_swap_flags</literal> in
3233
	be altered by using <varname>geli_swap_flags</varname> in
3249
	<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>.  The following line tells
3234
	<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>.  The following line tells
3250
	the <filename>encswap</filename> rc.d script to create
3235
	the <filename>encswap</filename> rc.d script to create
3251
	&man.geli.8; swap partitions using the Blowfish algorithm with
3236
	&man.geli.8; swap partitions using the Blowfish algorithm with
Lines 3270-3282 Link Here
3270
3255
3271
      <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>swapinfo</userinput>
3256
      <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>swapinfo</userinput>
3272
Device          1K-blocks     Used    Avail Capacity
3257
Device          1K-blocks     Used    Avail Capacity
3273
/dev/ad0s1b.bde    542720        0   542720     0%</screen>
3258
/dev/ada0p3.bde    542720        0   542720     0%</screen>
3274
3259
3275
      <para>If &man.geli.8; is being used:</para>
3260
      <para>If &man.geli.8; is being used:</para>
3276
3261
3277
      <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>swapinfo</userinput>
3262
      <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>swapinfo</userinput>
3278
Device          1K-blocks     Used    Avail Capacity
3263
Device          1K-blocks     Used    Avail Capacity
3279
/dev/ad0s1b.eli    542720        0   542720     0%</screen>
3264
/dev/ada0p3.eli    542720        0   542720     0%</screen>
3280
    </sect2>
3265
    </sect2>
3281
  </sect1>
3266
  </sect1>
3282
3267
Lines 3897-3905 Link Here
3897
	</caution>
3882
	</caution>
3898
3883
3899
	<tip>
3884
	<tip>
3900
	  <para>For this example, a standard UFS file system was used.
3885
	  <para>For this example, a standard <acronym>UFS</acronym> file system was used.
3901
	    To reduce the time needed for recovery, a journal-enabled
3886
	    To reduce the time needed for recovery, a journal-enabled
3902
	    UFS or ZFS file system can be used instead.</para>
3887
	    <acronym>UFS</acronym> or <acronym>ZFS</acronym> file system can be used instead.</para>
3903
	</tip>
3888
	</tip>
3904
3889
3905
	<para>More detailed information with additional examples can
3890
	<para>More detailed information with additional examples can
(-)head/share/xml/trademarks.ent (+1 lines)
Lines 183-188 Link Here
183
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.lsilogic "<para xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'>LSI Logic, AcceleRAID, eXtremeRAID,
183
<!ENTITY tm-attrib.lsilogic "<para xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'>LSI Logic, AcceleRAID, eXtremeRAID,
184
  MegaRAID and Mylex are trademarks or registered trademarks of LSI
184
  MegaRAID and Mylex are trademarks or registered trademarks of LSI
185
  Logic Corp.</para>">
185
  Logic Corp.</para>">
186
<!ENTITY lsilogic "<trademark xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook' class='registered'>LSI Logic Corp.</trademark>">
186
<!ENTITY acceleraid "<trademark xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'>AcceleRAID</trademark>">
187
<!ENTITY acceleraid "<trademark xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'>AcceleRAID</trademark>">
187
<!ENTITY megaraid "<trademark xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook' class='registered'>MegaRAID</trademark>">
188
<!ENTITY megaraid "<trademark xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook' class='registered'>MegaRAID</trademark>">
188
<!ENTITY mylex "<trademark xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook' class='registered'>Mylex</trademark>">
189
<!ENTITY mylex "<trademark xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook' class='registered'>Mylex</trademark>">

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