part of the base system.  However, there is only so much one can

      part of the base system.  However, there is only so much one can

      do before needing to install an additional third-party

      do before needing to install an additional third-party

      application to get real work done.  FreeBSD provides two

      application to get real work done.  FreeBSD provides two

      on your system: the FreeBSD Ports Collection (for installing from

      on your system: the FreeBSD Ports Collection (for installing from

      source), and packages (for installing from pre-built binaries).

      source), and packages (for installing from pre-built binaries).

      Either method may be used to install the

      Either method may be used to install the

    <title>Overview of Software Installation</title>

    <title>Overview of Software Installation</title>

    <para>If you have used a &unix; system before you will know that

    <para>If you have used a &unix; system before you will know that

      something like this:</para>

      something like this:</para>

    <procedure>

    <procedure>

      <quote>traditional</quote> way with FreeBSD.  However, FreeBSD

      <quote>traditional</quote> way with FreeBSD.  However, FreeBSD

      provides two technologies which can save you a lot of effort:

      provides two technologies which can save you a lot of effort:

      packages and ports.  At the time of writing, over &os.numports;

      packages and ports.  At the time of writing, over &os.numports;

      way.</para>

      way.</para>

    <para>For any given application, the FreeBSD package for that

    <para>For any given application, the FreeBSD package for that

	  because they have to run on the maximum number of systems.  By

	  because they have to run on the maximum number of systems.  By

	  installing from the port, you can tweak the compilation options to

	  installing from the port, you can tweak the compilation options to

	  (for example) generate code that is specific to a Pentium

	  (for example) generate code that is specific to a Pentium

      </listitem>

      </listitem>

      <listitem>

      <listitem>

	  what they can and cannot do.  For example,

	  what they can and cannot do.  For example,

	  <application>Apache</application> can be configured with a

	  <application>Apache</application> can be configured with a

	  wide variety of different built-in options.  By building

	  wide variety of different built-in options.  By building

	  whether or not you have installed an X11 server.  This sort

	  whether or not you have installed an X11 server.  This sort

	  of rough tweaking is possible with packages, but rapidly

	  of rough tweaking is possible with packages, but rapidly

	  becomes impossible if an application has more than one or

	  becomes impossible if an application has more than one or

      </listitem>

      </listitem>

      <listitem>

      <listitem>

    </warning>

    </warning>

    <para>The remainder of this chapter will explain how to use

    <para>The remainder of this chapter will explain how to use

      FreeBSD.</para>

      FreeBSD.</para>

  </sect1>

  </sect1>

      <para>The example above would download the correct package and

      <para>The example above would download the correct package and

	add it without any further user intervention.

	add it without any further user intervention.

	If you want to specify an alternative &os; Packages Mirror,

	If you want to specify an alternative &os; Packages Mirror,

	override the default settings.  &man.pkg.add.1;

	override the default settings.  &man.pkg.add.1;

	uses &man.fetch.3; to download the files, which honors various

	uses &man.fetch.3; to download the files, which honors various

	environment variables, including

	environment variables, including

	  &os.stable;.  If you run a -RELEASE version, it will grab

	  &os.stable;.  If you run a -RELEASE version, it will grab

	  the version of the package that was built with your

	  the version of the package that was built with your

	  release.  It is possible to change this behavior by

	  release.  It is possible to change this behavior by

	  system, by default &man.pkg.add.1; will try to fetch

	  system, by default &man.pkg.add.1; will try to fetch

	  packages from

	  packages from

	  <literal>ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-5.4-release/Latest/</literal>.

	  <literal>ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-5.4-release/Latest/</literal>.

      </para>

      </para>

      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg_delete <replaceable>xchat-1.7.1</replaceable></userinput></screen>

      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg_delete <replaceable>xchat-1.7.1</replaceable></userinput></screen>

    </sect2>

    </sect2>

    <sect2>

    <sect2>

	<listitem>

	<listitem>

	  <para>A <filename>distinfo</filename> file.  This file

	  <para>A <filename>distinfo</filename> file.  This file

	    contains information about the files that must be

	    contains information about the files that must be

	    verify that files have not been corrupted during the

	    verify that files have not been corrupted during the

	</listitem>

	</listitem>

	<listitem>

	<listitem>

	    documentation for your shell for more information.</para>

	    documentation for your shell for more information.</para>

	</note>

	</note>

	  from the <ulink url="http://www.freebsdmall.com/">FreeBSD

	  from the <ulink url="http://www.freebsdmall.com/">FreeBSD

	  Mall</ulink> contain distfiles.  They can be used with the Ports

	  Mall</ulink> contain distfiles.  They can be used with the Ports

	  Collection.  Mount the DVD-ROM on <filename>/cdrom</filename>.  If

	  Collection.  Mount the DVD-ROM on <filename>/cdrom</filename>.  If