|
Lines 5-11
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| 5 |
|
5 |
|
| 6 |
<book> |
6 |
<book> |
| 7 |
<bookinfo> |
7 |
<bookinfo> |
| 8 |
<title>Frequently Asked Questions for FreeBSD 2.X and 3.X</title> |
8 |
<title>Frequently Asked Questions for FreeBSD 2.X, 3.X and 4.X</title> |
| 9 |
|
9 |
|
| 10 |
<authorgroup> |
10 |
<authorgroup> |
| 11 |
<author> |
11 |
<author> |
|
Lines 16-22
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|
| 16 |
<pubdate>$FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO_8859-1/books/faq/book.sgml,v 1.49 2000/04/03 12:01:33 phantom Exp $</pubdate> |
16 |
<pubdate>$FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO_8859-1/books/faq/book.sgml,v 1.49 2000/04/03 12:01:33 phantom Exp $</pubdate> |
| 17 |
|
17 |
|
| 18 |
<abstract> |
18 |
<abstract> |
| 19 |
<para>This is the FAQ for FreeBSD versions 2.X and 3.X. All entries |
19 |
<para>This is the FAQ for FreeBSD versions 2.X, 3.X, and 4.X. All entries |
| 20 |
are assumed to be relevant to FreeBSD 2.0.5 and later, unless |
20 |
are assumed to be relevant to FreeBSD 2.0.5 and later, unless |
| 21 |
otherwise noted. Any entries with a <XXX> are under |
21 |
otherwise noted. Any entries with a <XXX> are under |
| 22 |
construction. If you are interested in helping with this project, |
22 |
construction. If you are interested in helping with this project, |
|
Lines 37-43
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|
| 37 |
<preface id="preface"> |
37 |
<preface id="preface"> |
| 38 |
<title>Preface</title> |
38 |
<title>Preface</title> |
| 39 |
|
39 |
|
| 40 |
<para>Welcome to the FreeBSD 2.X-3.X FAQ!</para> |
40 |
<para>Welcome to the FreeBSD 2.X-4.X FAQ!</para> |
| 41 |
|
41 |
|
| 42 |
<para>As is usual with Usenet FAQs, this document aims to cover the |
42 |
<para>As is usual with Usenet FAQs, this document aims to cover the |
| 43 |
most frequently asked questions concerning the FreeBSD operating |
43 |
most frequently asked questions concerning the FreeBSD operating |
|
Lines 58-64
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|
| 58 |
</question> |
58 |
</question> |
| 59 |
|
59 |
|
| 60 |
<answer> |
60 |
<answer> |
| 61 |
<para>Briefly, FreeBSD 2.X is a UN*X-like operating system based |
61 |
<para>Briefly, FreeBSD is a UN*X-like operating system based |
| 62 |
on U.C. Berkeley's 4.4BSD-lite release for the i386 platform. |
62 |
on U.C. Berkeley's 4.4BSD-lite release for the i386 platform. |
| 63 |
It is also based indirectly on William Jolitz's port of U.C. |
63 |
It is also based indirectly on William Jolitz's port of U.C. |
| 64 |
Berkeley's Net/2 to the i386, known as 386BSD, though very |
64 |
Berkeley's Net/2 to the i386, known as 386BSD, though very |
|
Lines 152-167
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|
| 152 |
|
152 |
|
| 153 |
<answer> |
153 |
<answer> |
| 154 |
<para>Version <ulink |
154 |
<para>Version <ulink |
| 155 |
URL="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/3.4-RELEASE/">3.4</ulink> |
155 |
URL="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/4.0-RELEASE/">4.0</ulink> |
| 156 |
is the latest <emphasis>stable</emphasis> version; it was |
156 |
is the latest <emphasis>stable</emphasis> version; it was |
| 157 |
released in December, 1999. This is also the latest |
157 |
released in March, 2000. This is also the latest |
| 158 |
<emphasis>release</emphasis> version.</para> |
158 |
<emphasis>release</emphasis> version.</para> |
| 159 |
|
159 |
|
| 160 |
<para>Briefly explained, <emphasis>-STABLE</emphasis> is aimed |
160 |
<para>Briefly explained, <emphasis>-STABLE</emphasis> is aimed |
| 161 |
at the ISP or other corporate user who wants stability and a |
161 |
at the ISP or other corporate user who wants stability and a |
| 162 |
low change count over the wizzy new features of the latest |
162 |
low change count over the wizzy new features of the latest |
| 163 |
<emphasis>-CURRENT</emphasis> snapshot. Releases can come |
163 |
<emphasis>-CURRENT</emphasis> snapshot. Releases can come |
| 164 |
from either "branch," but you should only use |
164 |
from either branch, but you should only use |
| 165 |
<emphasis>-CURRENT</emphasis> if you're sure that you're |
165 |
<emphasis>-CURRENT</emphasis> if you're sure that you're |
| 166 |
prepared for its increased volatility (relative to |
166 |
prepared for its increased volatility (relative to |
| 167 |
<emphasis>-STABLE</emphasis>, that is).</para> |
167 |
<emphasis>-STABLE</emphasis>, that is).</para> |
|
Lines 244-252
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|
| 244 |
releases.</para> |
244 |
releases.</para> |
| 245 |
|
245 |
|
| 246 |
<para>Snapshot releases are directly available from <ulink |
246 |
<para>Snapshot releases are directly available from <ulink |
| 247 |
URL="ftp://current.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/">ftp://current.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/</ulink> |
247 |
URL="ftp://current.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/"> |
| 248 |
and are generated, on the average, once a day for the |
248 |
ftp://current.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/</ulink> |
| 249 |
5.0-CURRENT, 4.X-STABLE and 3.X-STABLE branches.</para> |
249 |
for 5.0-CURRENT and |
|
|
250 |
<ulink url="ftp://releng4.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD"> |
| 251 |
releng4.FreeBSD.org</ulink> for 4-STABLE snapshots. |
| 252 |
3-STABLE snapshots can be found at |
| 253 |
<ulink url="releng3.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD"> |
| 254 |
releng3.FreeBSD.org.</ulink> |
| 255 |
Snapshots are generated, on the average, once a day for |
| 256 |
all actively developed branches.</para> |
| 250 |
</answer> |
257 |
</answer> |
| 251 |
</qandaentry> |
258 |
</qandaentry> |
| 252 |
|
259 |
|
|
Lines 339-345
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|
| 339 |
</question> |
346 |
</question> |
| 340 |
|
347 |
|
| 341 |
<answer> |
348 |
<answer> |
| 342 |
<para>FreeBSD 3.x currently runs on the <ulink |
349 |
<para>Since 3.x, FreeBSD has run on the <ulink |
| 343 |
URL="../alpha/alpha.html">DEC Alpha</ulink> as well as the |
350 |
URL="../alpha/alpha.html">DEC Alpha</ulink> as well as the |
| 344 |
x86 architecture. Some interest has also been expressed in a |
351 |
x86 architecture. Some interest has also been expressed in a |
| 345 |
SPARC port, but details on this project are not yet |
352 |
SPARC port, but details on this project are not yet |
|
Lines 397-422
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|
| 397 |
URL="ftp://current.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/3.4-RELEASE/">3.4-RELEASE</ulink> |
404 |
URL="ftp://current.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/3.4-RELEASE/">3.4-RELEASE</ulink> |
| 398 |
directory.</para> |
405 |
directory.</para> |
| 399 |
</listitem> |
406 |
</listitem> |
| 400 |
|
|
|
| 401 |
<listitem> |
407 |
<listitem> |
| 402 |
<para><ulink |
408 |
<para>The current 4.X-STABLE release, 4.0-RELEASE can be |
| 403 |
URL="ftp://releng22.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/">2.2 Snapshot</ulink> |
409 |
found in <ulink |
| 404 |
releases are made once a day along the RELENG_2_2 branch (post |
410 |
url="ftp://current.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/4.0-RELEASE"> the 4.0-RELEASE</ulink> directory.</para> |
| 405 |
2.2.8) as it slowly winds down in maintenance mode. The |
411 |
</listitem> |
| 406 |
RELENG_2_2 branch is currently being carefully maintained by |
412 |
|
| 407 |
the legacy support folks and no changes other than those |
|
|
| 408 |
strictly necessary for security or reliability enhancements |
| 409 |
are now made.</para> |
| 410 |
</listitem> |
| 411 |
|
| 412 |
<listitem> |
413 |
<listitem> |
| 413 |
<para><ulink |
414 |
<para><ulink |
| 414 |
URL="ftp://releng3.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/">3.X Snapshot</ulink> |
415 |
URL="ftp://releng3.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/">3.X Snapshot</ulink> |
| 415 |
releases are also made once a day along the RELENG_3 branch |
416 |
releases are also made once a day along the RELENG_3 branch |
| 416 |
(post 3.0-RELEASE) as it continues on its way towards |
417 |
(post 3.0-RELEASE) as it continues on its way towards |
| 417 |
3.4-RELEASE.</para> |
418 |
3.5-RELEASE.</para> |
| 418 |
</listitem> |
419 |
</listitem> |
| 419 |
|
420 |
|
|
|
421 |
<listitem> |
| 422 |
<para><ulink |
| 423 |
url="ftp://releng4.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/">4.X |
| 424 |
snapshots</ulink> are made once a day as well.</para> |
| 425 |
</listitem> |
| 426 |
|
| 420 |
<listitem> |
427 |
<listitem> |
| 421 |
<para><ulink |
428 |
<para><ulink |
| 422 |
URL="ftp://current.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/">5.0 Snapshot</ulink> |
429 |
URL="ftp://current.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/">5.0 Snapshot</ulink> |
|
Lines 1630-1636
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|
| 1630 |
<orderedlist> |
1637 |
<orderedlist> |
| 1631 |
|
1638 |
|
| 1632 |
<listitem> |
1639 |
<listitem> |
| 1633 |
<para>At the Boot: prompt, enter |
1640 |
<para>For FreeBSD 3.3 and later, reboot the system and hit |
|
|
1641 |
"Enter" at the "Booting kernel in 10 seconds; hit |
| 1642 |
[Enter] to interrupt" prompt. This will drop you into the boot |
| 1643 |
loader.</para> |
| 1644 |
<para>Then type set |
| 1645 |
root_disk_unit="<disk_number>". <literal>disk_number</literal> |
| 1646 |
will be <emphasis>0</emphasis> if FreeBSD is installed on the master drive |
| 1647 |
on the first IDE controller, <emphasis>1</emphasis> if it is installed |
| 1648 |
on the slave on the first IDE controller, <emphasis>2</emphasis> if it |
| 1649 |
is installed on the master of the second IDE controller, and |
| 1650 |
<emphasis>3</emphasis> if it is installed on the slave of the second |
| 1651 |
IDE controller.</para> |
| 1652 |
<para>Then type "boot", and your system should boot |
| 1653 |
correctly.</para> |
| 1654 |
<para>To make this change permanent (ie so you don't have to do this |
| 1655 |
everytime you reboot or turn on your FreeBSD machine), put the line |
| 1656 |
"root_disk_unit="<disk_number>" in |
| 1657 |
<filename>/boot/loader.conf.local</filename>.</para> |
| 1658 |
</listitem> |
| 1659 |
|
| 1660 |
<listitem> |
| 1661 |
<para>If using FreeBSD 3.2 or earlier, at the Boot: prompt, enter |
| 1634 |
<emphasis remap=tt>1:wd(2,a)kernel</emphasis> and press Enter. If the system starts, then |
1662 |
<emphasis remap=tt>1:wd(2,a)kernel</emphasis> and press Enter. If the system starts, then |
| 1635 |
run the command |
1663 |
run the command |
| 1636 |
<literallayout>echo "1:wd(2,a)kernel" > /boot.config</literallayout> |
1664 |
<literallayout>echo "1:wd(2,a)kernel" > /boot.config</literallayout> |
|
Lines 1771-1777
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|
| 1771 |
kernel, and installed a new kernel builtin from them <emphasis>without making |
1799 |
kernel, and installed a new kernel builtin from them <emphasis>without making |
| 1772 |
world</emphasis>. This is not supported. Make world.</para> |
1800 |
world</emphasis>. This is not supported. Make world.</para> |
| 1773 |
|
1801 |
|
| 1774 |
</answer></qandaentry></qandaset> |
1802 |
</answer></qandaentry> |
|
|
1803 |
|
| 1804 |
<qandaentry> |
| 1805 |
<question><para>How do I upgrade from 3.X -> 4.X?</para></question> |
| 1806 |
|
| 1807 |
<answer><para>We <emphasis>strongly</emphasis> recommend that you use |
| 1808 |
binary snapshots to do this. 4.X-STABLE snapshots are available at |
| 1809 |
<ulink |
| 1810 |
url="ftp://releng4.FreeBSD.org">releng4.FreeBSD.org</ulink>.</para> |
| 1811 |
<para>If you wish to upgrade using source, please see the <ulink |
| 1812 |
url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/handbook/cutting-edge.html">FreeBSD |
| 1813 |
Handbook</ulink> for more information.</para> |
| 1814 |
<para><emphasis>Upgrading via source is never recommended for new |
| 1815 |
users, and upgading from 3.X -> 4.X is even less so; make sure you |
| 1816 |
have read the instructions carefully before attempting to uprade via |
| 1817 |
source this!</emphasis></para> |
| 1818 |
</answer></qandaentry> |
| 1819 |
</qandaset> |
| 1775 |
</chapter> |
1820 |
</chapter> |
| 1776 |
|
1821 |
|
| 1777 |
<chapter |
1822 |
<chapter |
|
Lines 3430-3442
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|
| 3430 |
</listitem> |
3475 |
</listitem> |
| 3431 |
</varlistentry> |
3476 |
</varlistentry> |
| 3432 |
|
3477 |
|
| 3433 |
<varlistentry><term>for 4.0-CURRENT</term> |
3478 |
<varlistentry><term>for 4.0-RELEASE/4.X-STABLE</term> |
| 3434 |
|
3479 |
|
| 3435 |
<listitem> |
3480 |
<listitem> |
| 3436 |
<para><ulink URL="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-4-current/">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-4-current/</ulink></para> |
3481 |
<para><ulink URL="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-4-stable/">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-4-stable/</ulink></para> |
| 3437 |
|
3482 |
|
| 3438 |
</listitem> |
3483 |
</listitem> |
| 3439 |
</varlistentry> |
3484 |
</varlistentry> |
|
|
3485 |
|
| 3486 |
<varlistentry> |
| 3487 |
<term>for 5.X-CURRENT</term> |
| 3488 |
|
| 3489 |
<listitem> |
| 3490 |
<para><ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-5-current/">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-5-current</ulink></para> |
| 3491 |
</listitem> |
| 3492 |
</varlistentry> |
| 3493 |
|
| 3440 |
</variablelist> |
3494 |
</variablelist> |
| 3441 |
</para> |
3495 |
</para> |
| 3442 |
|
3496 |
|
|
Lines 3484-3494
Link Here
|
| 3484 |
<qandaentry><question> |
3538 |
<qandaentry><question> |
| 3485 |
<para>Where do I find libc.so.3.0?</para></question><answer> |
3539 |
<para>Where do I find libc.so.3.0?</para></question><answer> |
| 3486 |
|
3540 |
|
| 3487 |
<para>You are trying to run a package for 2.2/3.x/4.0 on a 2.1.x |
3541 |
<para>You are trying to run a package built on 2.2 and later on a 2.1.x |
| 3488 |
system. Please take a look at the previous section and get |
3542 |
system. Please take a look at the previous section and get |
| 3489 |
the correct port/package for your system.</para> |
3543 |
the correct port/package for your system.</para> |
| 3490 |
|
3544 |
|
| 3491 |
</answer></qandaentry> |
3545 |
</answer></qandaentry> |
|
|
3546 |
<qandaentry><question> |
| 3547 |
<para>I get a message "Error: can't find |
| 3548 |
libc.so.4.0"</para></question> |
| 3549 |
<answer> |
| 3550 |
|
| 3551 |
<para>You accidently downloaded packages meant for 4.X and 5.X |
| 3552 |
systems and attempted to install them on your 2.X or 3.X FreeBSD system. |
| 3553 |
Please download the correct version of the |
| 3554 |
packages.</para></answer> |
| 3555 |
</qandaentry> |
| 3492 |
|
3556 |
|
| 3493 |
<qandaentry><question |
3557 |
<qandaentry><question |
| 3494 |
id="emul"> |
3558 |
id="emul"> |
|
Lines 8382-8398
Link Here
|
| 8382 |
<itemizedlist> |
8446 |
<itemizedlist> |
| 8383 |
|
8447 |
|
| 8384 |
<listitem> |
8448 |
<listitem> |
| 8385 |
<para><symbol>RELENG_2_2</symbol> AKA <emphasis remap=bf>2.2-STABLE</emphasis> AKA <emphasis remap=bf>"2.2 branch"</emphasis></para> |
8449 |
<para><symbol>RELENG_2_2</symbol> AKA <emphasis remap=bf>2.2-STABLE</emphasis></para> |
| 8386 |
</listitem> |
8450 |
</listitem> |
| 8387 |
|
8451 |
|
| 8388 |
<listitem> |
8452 |
<listitem> |
| 8389 |
<para><symbol>RELENG_3</symbol> AKA <emphasis remap=bf>3.X-STABLE</emphasis> AKA <emphasis remap=bf>"3.0 branch"</emphasis></para> |
8453 |
<para><symbol>RELENG_3</symbol> AKA <emphasis remap=bf>3.X-STABLE</emphasis></para> |
| 8390 |
</listitem> |
8454 |
</listitem> |
| 8391 |
|
8455 |
|
| 8392 |
<listitem> |
8456 |
<listitem> |
| 8393 |
<para><acronym>HEAD</acronym> AKA <option>-CURRENT</option> AKA <emphasis remap=bf>4.0-CURRENT</emphasis></para> |
8457 |
<para><symbol>RELENG_4</symbol> AKA <emphasis>4.X-STABLE</emphasis></para> |
| 8394 |
</listitem> |
8458 |
</listitem> |
| 8395 |
|
8459 |
|
|
|
8460 |
<listitem> |
| 8461 |
<para><acronym>HEAD</acronym> AKA <option>-CURRENT</option> AKA <emphasis remap=bf>5.0-CURRENT</emphasis></para> |
| 8462 |
</listitem> |
| 8463 |
|
| 8396 |
</itemizedlist> |
8464 |
</itemizedlist> |
| 8397 |
</para> |
8465 |
</para> |
| 8398 |
|
8466 |
|
|
Lines 8401-8415
Link Here
|
| 8401 |
<emphasis>"the current, non-branched development stream"</emphasis> which we simply |
8469 |
<emphasis>"the current, non-branched development stream"</emphasis> which we simply |
| 8402 |
refer to as <option>-CURRENT</option>.</para> |
8470 |
refer to as <option>-CURRENT</option>.</para> |
| 8403 |
|
8471 |
|
| 8404 |
<para>Right now, <option>-CURRENT</option> is the 4.0 development stream and the |
8472 |
<para>Right now, <option>-CURRENT</option> is the 5.0 development stream and the |
| 8405 |
<emphasis remap=bf>3.0-STABLE</emphasis> branch, <symbol>RELENG_3</symbol>, forked off from |
8473 |
<emphasis remap=bf>4-STABLE</emphasis> branch, <symbol>RELENG_4</symbol>, forked off from |
| 8406 |
<option>-CURRENT</option> in Jan 1999.</para> |
8474 |
<option>-CURRENT</option> in Mar 2000.</para> |
| 8407 |
|
8475 |
|
| 8408 |
<para>The <emphasis remap=bf>2.2-STABLE</emphasis> branch, <symbol>RELENG_2_2</symbol>, departed -CURRENT in |
8476 |
<para>The <emphasis remap=bf>2.2-STABLE</emphasis> branch, <symbol>RELENG_2_2</symbol>, departed -CURRENT in |
| 8409 |
November 1996.</para> |
8477 |
November 1996, and has pretty much been retired.</para> |
| 8410 |
|
|
|
| 8411 |
<para>The <emphasis remap=bf>2.1-STABLE</emphasis> branch, <symbol>RELENG_2_1_0</symbol>, departed -CURRENT in |
| 8412 |
September of 1994. This branch has been fully retired.</para> |
| 8413 |
|
8478 |
|
| 8414 |
</answer></qandaentry> |
8479 |
</answer></qandaentry> |