See https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2025-November/009500.html for background. To reproduce, set debug.link_elf_leak_locals=0 debug.link_elf_obj_leak_locals=0 then # kldload tcp_bbr.ko TCP HPTS started 1 ((unbounded)) swi interrupt threads link_elf_obj: symbol tcp_hptsi_pace undefined linker_load_file: /boot/kernel/tcp_bbr.ko - unsupported file type kldload: an error occurred while loading module tcp_bbr.ko. Please check dmesg(8) for more details. # kldload tcp_rack.ko TCP HPTS started 1 ((unbounded)) swi interrupt threads link_elf_obj: symbol tcp_hptsi_pace undefined linker_load_file: /boot/kernel/tcp_rack.ko - unsupported file type kldload: an error occurred while loading module tcp_rack.ko. Please check dmesg(8) for more details. The dependent module's Makefile (i.e., the one containing tcp_hptsi_pace) should have an EXPORT_SYMS= line that lists all of the symbols to be intentionally exported. Another option is to just set EXPORT_SYMS=YES. An explicit export list is preferred over EXPORT_SYMS=YES, unless we explicitly want all symbols exported.
A Differential review has been created for this fix: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D54046